How to combine independent probability distributions? What does it mean, "For a husband is the head of his wife as Christ is the head of the church. Camp Gilgal on the eastern edge of Jericho. What is the importance of Gilgal in the Bible? Our reasons for attending God's feasts are very important. Zertal said scholars wondered why people would dig a quarry Now the people came up from the Jordan on the tenth of the first month and camped at Gilgal on the eastern edge of Jericho. The lesson we can learn from the events in Bethel are particularly illustrative of God's transforming influence. Vote Up (Psalm 92:4-5). approached us and warned us not to go in, because it was cursed and They had not allowed their privileged position under the covenant to transform them into godly people. Another opinion is that it is not different from the Book of Joshua, as it locates it near Bethel as does the Books of Chronicles. The Hebrew term Gilgal most likely means "circle of stones". 6. The text states that Elijah and Elisha came from Gilgal to Bethel, and then onward to Jericho and to the Jordan,[13] suggesting that the place was in the vicinity of Bethel, and far from Joshua's Gilgal near Jericho. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The term gilgal is thought by modern archaeologists to refer to a type of structure, which may then receive additional names, for example "the gilgal by the terebinths of Moreh" (Deuteronomy 11:30) or "the gilgal on the eastern border of Jericho" (Joshua 4:19). '"(Hosea 9:15). Photo by A.D. Riddle. We are assured of making it into God's Kingdom on the strength of His ability to prepare us. 3 Command them, 'Pick up twelve stones from right here in the middle of the Jordan, where the feet of the priests had been firmly planted. Joshua 5:1-12 records that it was in Gilgal that all the Israelite males who had been born during the forty years in the wilderness were circumcised, thus entering into the Old Covenantin effect, becoming God's nation in the land. 7 "Then you shall answer them that the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it crossed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. All of their enthusiasm was for naught because their daily lives did not match God's standards. Scripture says nothing specifically about either Abib 12 or 13, but they undoubtedly used those days to settle in more thoroughly in Gilgal, do the harvesting of local crops, raid the local stores of produce in the area, and make any preparations required for keeping the Passover. He then fastens that thought more firmly in their minds by making it personal: "'Therefore I will send you into captivity beyond Damascus,' says the LORD, whose name is the God of hosts" (verse 27). What do the 12 stones represent? Report. What the Bible says about Using an Ohm Meter to test for bonding of a subpanel. How old was Joshua at the time of the spies? I will drive them from my land because of their evil actions. 3 responses The context of the chapter shows a wealth of religious activity (verses 21-26). What does it mean to this day ? For the kibbutz and Israeli settlement, see. Rashi on the top 32b says they made a monument out of the stones in Gilgal. [14][15], Edward Robinson first drew the connection to Gilgal to Jiljilyya in 1838,[16][17] as did van de Velde[18] and Victor Gurin in 1870. In the example of Israel, we can see that hearing and knowing the way of God intellectually is not enough. This also happened while they were camped at Gilgal (Joshua 5:11-12). God hates idolatry (Exodus 20:1-6). By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Joshua: chapter 3. ; M. Noth, Das Buch Josua (19532), 3233; Abel, Geog, 2 (1938), 3368; Kelso, in: BASOR, 121 (1951), 6ff. Therefore neither the priests of Dagon nor all who enter Dagons house tread on the threshold of Dagon in Ashdod to this day. (1 Sam. The meaning of the name Gilgal is "rolling." New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. The preposition is rendered in by many versions here, but in this case it means from (cf. ( Joshua 5:10) It was "in . Apparently, the people were thronging to these pagan shrines and punctiliously offering sacrifices. More insights from your Bible study - Get Started with Logos Bible Software for Free! When a person doesnt read the entire Torah and especially when a person doesnt comprehend the book of Genesis, he/she will always look for a physical proof. referred to the biblical story of the 12 stones the Israelites set up What happened to the stones? In Gilgal, they set up the twelve stones taken from the Jordan as a memorial of their crossing (verse 20-24). I trust they are still there. In all their religious fervor, however, their eyes were not upon the God of heaven. Their pride was almost boundless. The ascending and descending angels, messengers of God, depict God, not man, initiating communication. The meaning of the name Gilgal is "rolling.". Twelve stones at Gilgal. We can see our own lives in their examples. Jericho 11. Josh 4:3 where also they kept the first passover in the land of Canaan ch. What their sins were makes no difference because God's judgment of their show of religion is that their hearts were not in it. But God says, "I hate, I despise your feast days" (Amos 5:21)! Described 12 people from each tribe picked up stones and carried them on their shoulders to be placed as a monument for future generations to see and enquire. New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI, Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . A place named Gilgal was included in Samuel's annual circuit, and is the location where he offered sacrifices after Saul was anointed as king, and where he renewed Saul's kingship together with the people. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Is there a weapon that has the heavy property and the finesse property (or could this be obtained)? The Berean: Daily Verse and Comment Sign up for the Berean: Daily Verse and Comment, and have Biblical truth delivered to your inbox. Prepare to Meet Your God! The higher the vote, the further up an answer is. Proving or disproving Torah archeology is a difficult process to say the least. Bethel, Gilgal, and Beersheba were places of pilgrimage, places people went to observe the feasts. Presently, attention is focused on the church and our part in its life. God made sure they bore the sign of the covenant. [duplicate]. 17040 Hwy 1 (3) The Gilgal from which "they went down to Beth-El" which is associated with the activities of Elisha (II Kings 2:12; 4:3844) is identified by some scholars with Jaljliya, north of Ramallah; others suggest that it is identical with Gilgal (1). 4:15; Amos 4:4; 5:5). GILGAL (Heb. Adding EV Charger (100A) in secondary panel (100A) fed off main (200A), Generate points along line, specifying the origin of point generation in QGIS. Common Era. And we know the word of God does not lie! Thus, God must send a purifying destruction upon them. If youre asking about the photos of the two rows of stones, no, those are not the ones that were set up by Joshua at Gilgal. Joshua 5:10 The children of Israel encamped in Gilgal. Albums (6) Appearances (2) Awards (1) In Performance (5) Press (9) Uncategorized (4) My intent in including the photos was the similarity in number and size, which might illustrate approximately how the stones set up by the Israelites would have looked. Gilgal Sculpture Garden contains 12 original sculptures and over 70 stones engraved with scriptures, poems, and literary texts. Contact with God causes transformation, and Bethel represents this hopeful reorientation. This circumcision prepared them to observe it. [6] His city is identified by Eusebius with Jaljulia. What are the advantages of running a power tool on 240 V vs 120 V? So I think youre referring to the command of Moses in Deut 27:2-3, So it shall be on the day when you cross the Jordan to the land which the LORD your God gives you, that you shall set up for yourself large stones and coat them with lime and write on them all the words of this law, when you cross over, so that you may enter the land which the LORD your God gives you, a land flowing with milk and honey, as the LORD, the God of your fathers, promised you. This was actually fulfilled in Josh 8:30-32 when Joshua built an altar of uncut stones on Mount Ebal and wrote a copy of the law of Moses on it, just as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded. Although the account in Joshua doesnt specifically mention the mortar or lime coating, it wouldnt have been possible to write out a copy of the law without doing that first, and I think the that it was done in accordance with the command allows us to presume thats how it was done. Albright disagreed with this identification,[21] while Abel agreed with it. The Madaba Map shows a church, in which the stones have been embodied, east of the tell of Jericho. Embedded hyperlinks in a thesis or research paper, How to convert a sequence of integers into a monomial, Futuristic/dystopian short story about a man living in a hive society trying to meet his dying mother, Understanding the probability of measurement w.r.t. Over two million people on foot just do not move all that quickly. Three other things happened at Gilgal which served to remind them of the righteous acts of the LORD there. Each stone must be engraved like a seal, with one of the names of the . other finds give the impression it was used for other purposes, It would be quite a difficult task to carry the stone for such a long distance. of the ground. When a gnoll vampire assumes its hyena form, do its HP change? What does it mean "the arm of flesh" and why will it fail (2 Chronicles 32:8)? The Valley of Achor that is mentioned was also on the border between the tribe of Yehuda and Binyamin. Why does the Torah mention the idea of illnesses that are NOT in the Torah? [5], "The king of Goyim, of Gilgal" is listed as one of the 31 kings defeated by Joshua. There is a clever play on a word here, as Gilgal means "the rolling." According to Zertal, scholars had always assumed that 12 stones This directive is accompanied by a very important explanation of its . According to Zertal, scholars had always assumed that "12 stones" referred to the biblical story of the 12 stones the Israelites set up at Gilgal after they crossed the Jordan. 5:5 NAS). The New Moody Atlas of the Bible by Barry Beitzel. How many times did Moses ascend Mount Sinai? [9], In 1 Samuel 15, Gilgal is where Samuel hewed King Agag in pieces after Saul refused to obey God and utterly destroy the Amalekites. The church exists to serve Him in witnessing the gospel to the world by our lives, as well as by preaching. Why choose these 300 men? Why did the Israelite spies visit the house of Rahab the prostitute? So Jacob arose and made a covenant with God that if He would bless him, then he would give a tenth, a tithe, to God (Genesis 28:18-22). The feasts should be enjoyable, but those who go there to give love and serve others profit the most from them. This did not matter in terms of the Passover because it was a ritual that was observed at home. Gilgal is located in Jordan Valley,eastern Jericho in the history of Israel, Gilgal is known as the lodgging place where the israelite campJoshua -chapter 4,. When Tana"ch uses the phrase "until today" what does it mean? also had niches for the placement of oil lamps and holes that God can use any material of stone etc to last forever. We cannot witness well without preparation, and the festivals play an important role in this. 35b). On what basis are pardoning decisions made by presidents or governors when exercising their pardoning power? All this early history of Israel's occupation of Canaan made Gilgal a shrine to the Israelites' inheritance and possession of the land. Remember when Moses returned to Egypt after his forty-year sojourn with Jethro and his family? However, the discovery of the quarried cave may mean the reference was to a quarry established where the Byzantines identified Gilgal. If total energies differ across different software, how do I decide which software to use? Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. churches near the cave. I Samuel 11:14-15 records that Saul was confirmed as Israel's first king in Gilgal. [3] Joshua then ordered the Israelites who had been born during the Exodus to be circumcised at this spot. It also makes sense that both could be near each other. site of biblical Gilgal. These sites are hypothesized to be ritual sites where the early Israelites celebrated holidays together, until worship was centralized. When did the circumcision take place? Why did this secret disciple risk discovery after Jesus was dead (Luke 23:50-53)? The reading of the NIV and NAB here is preferableJoshua set up the twelve stones that had been in the middle of the Jordan. The Hebrew phrase is bethok (Heb. Palestine, found in Jordan. 12:29). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Crossroads Bible Church Possible area where Gilgal might be located Google Earth. is dated to about A.D. 560 to 565. God says, "You may be coming to church regularly and enjoying it, but while you are there, you are sinning!" To the south there is a giant amphitheater, and in the center there is a hill East to Beit Jabar A-Tachtani. Because of their connection to Israel's past, Bethel, Gilgal, and Beersheba all bore significant religious meaning to the common Israelite. The trouble with Gilgal was that the people allowed their human nature to keep their religion in a box with no way for it to influence daily life. May we always remember to seize this opportunity to proclaim: God did a miracle. When one studies Torah with the Rabbinical Rabbis who are masters of Hebrew language, particularly of the Hebrew Torah was written, the secrets are revealed so the Torah is not like a PowerPoint presentation but a living machine that is so robust so deep so vast so clear that one will have no doubt that all 304805 letters of Torah are from Gd. Generic Doubly-Linked-Lists C implementation, Short story about swapping bodies as a job; the person who hires the main character misuses his body. They camped at Gilgal, several miles to the west of the Jordan. Why was the translation considered a tragedy if it was already translated into 70 languages? Those who go to get love usually become offended and leave the feast, telling anyone who will listen how "cold" others were to them. There was no change in holiness or morality. In Joshua 4:9 Joshua also built another memorial of 12 stones in the muddle of Jordan, at a place where the priests who carried the Ark of the covenant were standing..The memorial there remains to this day. The Madaba map All rights reserved. perhaps a monastery or even a hiding place, Zertal said. How do I stop the Flickering on Mode 13h? columns on which various symbols were carved, including 31 crosses, a Zertal explains that in antiquity Prepare to Meet Your God! Share A transformation began then that did not end as long as he lived. Do you have to repent from all sin to enter heaven? "[4], Some scholars speculate that the circle of 12 stones was the (unnamed) religious sanctuary that was condemned in Amos 4:4 and 5:5 and Hosea 4:15. Gilgal is significant in the Bible as serving as a place of memorial for the Israelites, to remind them of what God had done. Why do we pray when God already knows what we need? From there he was escorted to Jerusalem by the tribes of Judah and Benjamin.[11]. God did a miracle by cutting off the river so that the priests carrying the Ark of the Covenant stepped forward on dry land. Do we go to the Feast of Tabernacles to seek God and learn to fear Him, as He says in Deuteronomy 14:23? [citation needed]. It represented their sanctification, setting them apart from the people of the land. According to the Jewish Jericho website it writes: . He had been fleeing for his life, but when he got to Bethel, his future changed dramatically because God made contact with him. circle of stones Gilgal is mentioned 39 times, in particular in the Book of Joshua, as the place where the Israelites camped after crossing the Jordan River (Joshua 4:19 - 5:12). There is no evidence that God performed miraculous healings of those circumcised since He says that they remained in camp until their wounds healed. The stones of Joshua in Gilgal, are they still there today? John W. Ritenbaugh (The Book of Amos) (Part One). Report They stand forever, because they represent Abrahams children. Three cities of Israel had become religious centers and places of pilgrimage: Bethel, Gilgal and Beersheba. They are located on the lower slopes of a hill, have a footprint-shaped stone outline, and were used for occasional assembly rather than permanent dwelling. Prepare to Meet Your God! Amos proves through the Israelites' disobedience and corruption that they had no relationship with God. The first phrase can just as easily read, "Let justice [or, judgment] roll down." And they raised over him a great heap of stones to this day. "[20], In the 20th century, archaeologist W.F. The World, the Church, and Laodiceanism. Justice is the fruit of righteousness. The text indicates that the memorial was composed of 12 stones. Which one to choose? They gathered there to wait on further instructions. GILGAL (Heb. Can my creature spell be countered if I cast a split second spell after it? Unlike Jacob, they had not repented. Modern Gilgal 10. The twelve stones of remembrance would now serve as a perpetual sign and memorial. Log in, Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window), Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), https://theinseasonlifestyle.com/understanding-ephod/, Our feelings and thoughts when looking at 17 Tammuz, 5782 Immanuel Verbondskind . What is the meaning of "peace be unto you" in the Bible? Joshua had warned them to be ready for war. Verse 24 gives us some insight: "But let justice run down like water, and righteousness like a mighty stream.". Although we cannot be sure that every chapel built in Israel was raised following Gods specific instructions to do so, we can turn our attention to the biblical events they commemorate. The lives of the people of Israel did not match what they knew. Khirbat al-Mafjar or Khirbet al-Athala have been suggested for its identification. Who translated the Torah into each of the 70 languages? ), name indicating an ancient sacred site on which a circle of large stones was erected.Gilgalim ("circles") were constructed in Canaan from very early times; the Bible mentions several places called Gilgal which were named after gilgalim in their vicinity. Second, their religion was self-pleasing. They were to be carried from the place in the dry riverbed where the feet of the priests stood as the Israelites crossed. It only takes a minute to sign up. NKJV - When linked as they are in this verse, justice stands for correct moral practice in daily life, and righteousness for the cultivation of correct moral principles. God stopped him and threatened to kill Moses, and Zipporah quickly took out a knife and circumcised their two boys. (1) Refer to Rashi on Yehoshua 15:6 for context on the name of the place - click on the footnote 9. The Wavesheaf and the Selfsame Day. Gilgal (a wheel; rolling).The site of the first camp of the Israelites on the west of the Jordan, the place at which they passed the first night after crossing the river, and where the twelve stones were set up which had been taken from the bed of the stream, ( Joshua 4:19 Joshua 4:20) comp. There is no admission charge. From this knowledge, we can begin to understand the attitude that Amos confronted. What is intriguing is that, even in their spiritual indifference, the Israelites loved to go to church! Share Your email address will not be published. There, they erected 12 stones as a memorial to the miraculous stopping of the river when they crossed. Who were the Amalekites and where did they come from? rev2023.4.21.43403. In the Books of Kings, "Gilgal" is mentioned as the home of a company of prophets. Joshua 4:20 Joshua set up those twelve stones, which they took out of the Jordan, in Gilgal. (Judges 7:7). In Joshua 4:9 Joshua lays 12 stones same place where the priests stood and it THESE stones that are there till this day. What are some exciting discoveries in biblical archaeology? First, the Israelites of Amos' day were guilty of following the sin of Jeroboam I, combining the worship of the true God with that of idols. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. When God arrives on the scene and descends to communicate with a man, He makes a difference in his life. Where did the precious stones come from for the breastplate that Aaron wore when he ministered? QGIS automatic fill of the attribute table by expression. Please ensure your answer MEETS all our guidelines. 12 Stone Monument (it appears it was moved from Camp Gilgal to Tel Gilgal as a permanent monument at a later date). Why did Jesus walk on the water? Can visiting these sanctuaries be of benefit to us or should we look past them? Looking at the monuments honoring Jesus life on earth, we can follow the commandment voiced by Joshua at Gilgal and answer the question What do these stones mean? with a powerful confession: God did a miracle! Why did Jesus call people fools and yet condemn others for doing the same thing? They went in for religion in a big way! Joshua 4:8 stones were carried by the 12 elect to the place of lodging FROM the middle of the Jordan where the priestss feet stood firm. The stones were to be carried on the shoulders of twelve men, one from each tribe, and taken to the campsite of the Israelites at Gilgal, east of Jericho. The Valley of Achor is mentioned on Wikipedia here. 64:24ff.). Those circumcised remained in Gilgal in the camp until they healed. It held twelve precious stones set in gold filigree: sardius (ruby), topaz, carbuncle (garnet), emerald, sapphire, diamond, jacinth, agate, amethyst, beryl, onyx and jasper. 4:1920). How can it be said that my loved one is now with our Father in heaven when the Bible tells no one sees heaven until the rapture? This daily newsletter provides a starting point for personal study, and gives valuable insight into the verses that make up the Word of God. Is it backed up from the biblio-archaeological ground? At Gilgal Pesa (Passover) was celebrated and those born in the desert were circumcised. Despite their sincerity, they abandoned all godly standards and values and despised authority and law (Amos 3:10). What is the significance of Mount Ephraim in the Bible? [19] In 1882, SWP noted: "The name suggests its identity with Gilgal, a town in the mountains near Bethel. They failed to love their neighbors (Amos 8:4). Gilgalim ("circles") were constructed in Canaan from very early times; the Bible mentions several places called Gilgal which were named after gilgalim in their vicinity. When it crossed the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off. What does the power set mean in the construction of Von Neumann universe? There are at least two locations named Gilgal in the Bible. Amos mentions religious festivals, animal sacrifices, and music they believed to be glorifying to God, all indicating worship services of some kind. What is Gilgal's significance in Israel's spiritual history? Encyclopaedia Judaica. Would you ever say "eat pig" instead of "eat pork"? [1] Its name appears in Koine Greek on the Madaba Map. what happened to the 12 stones at gilgal January 11, 2021; SAY SOMETHIN' March 1, 2020; Mobius June 3, 2018; Canadiana December 21, 2016; Soul Ballads Review - Airline 2015 July 6, 2015; News Categories. See what over 150,000 subscribers are already receiving each day. It is the site bordering the autonomy. Every commemoration of every blessing a wedding anniversary, holiday celebrations, even birthdays is a monument to Gods faithfulness. 9. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? sanctuaries were built out of stones from sacred places. They had fun at the feast all right, but nothing changed spiritually. This Gilgal (2 Kings ii. Are there any hints as to where they went? Undoubtedly, a significant change happened here and another at Peniel where Jacob wrestled with Christ (Genesis 32:24-30). The large cave was discovered by Prof. Adam Zertal and a team from the 20 Those twelve stones which they had taken from the Jordan, Joshua set up at Gilgal. I can't access some of the links and images on this web page, and, in any case, the article suggests a possibility, rather than anything definitive. These stones are to be a memorial to the people of Israel forever. (Joshua 4:6-7). enjoy another stunning sunset 'over' a glass of assyrtiko. The twelve stones at the Gilgal we read about in Joshua were carried from the riverbed of the Jordan by one man from each of the twelve tribes of Israel to make a memorial to the work of God in parting the Jordan and allowing them to pass over on dry ground. This is intriguing in light of Laodiceanism. This also matches the description given in 4:3, that these stones were to come from the place where the priests were standing. It is also inscrutable what a pile of stones at the bottom of the river would have accomplished, since they would not have been visible once the waters returned, and they would have been quickly lost to the ravages of the river. In the Bible, Joshua, Chapter 4, saying how the Lord dried up the waters of Jordan from before them, until they were passed over as the Lord God did to the Red sea which he dried up from before them, until they were gone over. I concur. This memorial of twelve stones was to continually remind them of the righteous acts of the LORD as Micah 6:5 commands them to do. I invite you to study Torah with these Rabbis. Is it referring to the day the book was written or what? For what it's worth, see this article which says (excerpts): Israeli papers are reporting the discovery of an underground quarry in Israel's first experience at Gilgal occurs when the people cross into the Promised Land under Joshua: "Now the people came up from the Jordan on the tenth day of the first month, and they camped in Gilgal on the east border of Jericho" (Joshua 4:19). Sources: Maisler (Mazar), in: BJPES, 11 (1945), 3541; S. Klein, Ere ha-Galil (1946), 13; E. Sellin, Gilgal (1917); Albright, in: BASOR, 11 (1923), 7ff. at Gilgal after they crossed the Jordan. Since "Gilgal" means a "circle of standing stones", it is quite plausible for there to have been more than one place named Gilgal, and although there are dissenting opinions, it is commonly held to be a different place from the one involved with Joshua; it has been identified with the village Jaljulia, about 11 kilometres (6.8mi) north of Bethel. Pottery discoveries date them to the early Israelite period, with most remains from the 12th11th centuries BCE. Browse other questions tagged, Like any library, Mi Yodeya offers tons of great information, but, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. It was after the stone of Bohan, the son of Reuven (1) and before the region of Dvir, identified in Bait Jaber A-Tachtani. Which was the first Sci-Fi story to predict obnoxious "robo calls"? In the New Testament, our circumcision is of the heart. Their religious practice was not done in obedience to God as they claimed, but had been conceived in the mind of a man. Later its cult aroused the wrath of the prophets (Hos. Most versions render verse 9 in a way that could lead to the conclusion that there were two sets of stones set upone at the camp and the other in the riverbed. They entered anyway, discovering a ceiling supported by 22 gigantic Amos 5 highlights three critical assumptions, all of which are factors in a doctrine evangelical Christians term "eternal security." the Jordan Valley. What do these stones mean to you? Would you ever say "eat pig" instead of "eat pork"? Therefore, the name of that place was called, The Valley of Achor, to this day. (The Book of Amos) (Part One), Prepare to Meet Your God! They enjoyed the fellowship and good times of the feasts, but they returned to their homes, and it was "business as usual." Prof. Adam Zertal and a team of archaeologists from In it, a place named Galgala is marked and Who was the commander of the army of the LORD in Joshua 5:14. Yes, for at least a couple of generations after, Paul. To the south there is a giant amphitheater, and in the center there is a hill . Amos 5 and the Feast of Tabernacles. In David Noel Freedman, ed.. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. Ancient underground quarry, Jordan Valley, In the footsteps of ancient Israelite kings, Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gilgal&oldid=1141985495, Pages with numeric Bible version references, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 22:31.

High Point University Weather Cam, Extended Warranty Letter To Customer, Articles W