Tenant Management Organisations such as KCTMO are founded when residents create a corporate body, which appoints a management committee to run the body, funded by management fees paid by the Council under the agreement. /Type /Page Edward Daffarn was accused of being "disruptive" and "aggressive" at meetings held by KCTMO during consultation with residents about the refurbishment of Grenfell Tower. The number of companies and organisations that Scotland Yard detectives investigating the disaster know so far to have played a role in the refurbishment is more than 60. >> /Xi14 14 0 R /F6 21 0 R To find out more about cookies and change your preferences, visit our, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kensington_and_Chelsea_TMO, How Tenant Management Organisations have wrongly been associated with Grenfell, British Government @ LSE General Election 2015 Event Series, Write for the LSE British Politics and Policy blog, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported. >> Frustrated with remote council landlords who seem not to care, tenants often form a local group that fights for local control over local tasks to make their estate work day-to-day repairs, caretaking, empty property, nuisance, rubbish, environmental and social problems. The minutes also suggest that even though the design for the cladding was well under way, fire consultants had yet to be appointed. These breakdowns relate to a wide variety of governance failure sources, not least due to the tenant management organisations focus on a series of cost reductions rather than more precautionary measures, a lack of engagement or apparent concern with other stakeholder groups, and decision making by the local council likely to be motivated by negative racial and social class stereotypes about tenants. (modern). The borough has a high level of evictions and resulting homelessness from private renting. How are we going to get down if there is a fire? He added that he was worried because the window-sills were plastic and in a fire could produce toxic fumes. One of them, Dan Browne, who lives on the 22 floor of Burnham House, said: There is going to be holy war here. Governments of all parties have supported the development of TMOs since the 1980s, funding training and introducing the Right to Manage. >> My point is this: it is a serious and dangerous error to draw the lesson that KCTMO was not really a TMO.. From 2015 the Birmingham City Council have closed down that Ladywood Housing Liaison Board, using an entirely false excuse (see my second comment, which has not yet appeared on this page). /Annots [] /Type /Page % I had a sense that the people in the TMO and RBKC looked down on the residents of Grenfell Tower and were brushing us off, he said. I stopped paying my rent in protest because my windows were falling off. [14] At a meeting in January 2016, the residents association presented the findings of a survey which found that 68% of residents had felt harassed or intimidated by the KCTMO or its contractors, and that 90% were dissatisfied with the manner in which improvement works had been carried out. /F5 20 0 R Looking at the blog of the Grenfell Action Group they made enquiries about reviving it in 2015 but it doesnt appear to have gone very far. /Im22 22 0 R He continued: I cannot imagine the possible consequences of a fire in this building and as a duty of care the RBKC must ensure we can get out in an emergency, if there is a need to evacuate. > View this hearing. On the night of the fire, Mr Chapmans wife Dr Naomi Li was one of the last people to escape the building alive. The council, whose leader Nick Paget-Brown also quit on Friday, wanted the meeting held behind closed doors but a group of media organisations including the Guardian obtained a high court order preventing the council from banning journalists at about 6pm on Thursday, half an hour before the meeting was scheduled to start. However the facts in her account are not fully correct. >> Often Buy-To-Let landlords owning former council flats now let to homeless families, paid for by the borough through housing benefit, at vast public expense. Documents show contractors were asked to fit aluminium instead of more fire-resistant zinc, saving 300,000. There is no clear mechanism to respond to the urgent needs of the 2000-3000 residents living on Lancaster West estate, under the shadow of Grenfell since the recent suspension of the ALMOs operations there. Following the Grenfell Tower fire in 2017, the council terminated its contract with KCTMO. He was a bitter critic of the organisation in the years before the refurbishment of the building and during the work. Read about our approach to external linking. In 2008 Juliet Rawlings, chair of the TMO's Board from 2003, was awarded an MBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours for her work with the organisation. Ms Jevans said this would have been the responsibility of Mr Parkes. I still suffer from PTSD. /F3 18 0 R He added felt like residents of the tower were being "abused" by the KCTMO. Edward Daffarn described Grenfell Tower's management as a "mini-mafia", Seventy-two people died in the Grenfell Tower fire on 14 June 2017. WebThe management of Grenfell Tower, including how residents' complaints were handled Central and local government responses to the disaster The response of London Fire Brigade Building regulations and enforcement Remaining expert evidence Remaining evidence from bereaved, survivors and residents Module 1 [ edit] /F4 19 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 857.28] Run by a board of 13 tenants, it was described at the time as "one of Britain's most ambitious property management schemes".[5]. The TMO has a board comprising eight residents, four council-appointed members and three independent members. >> A list of amendments to the 9.2m contract between Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) and Rydon, the builder for the refurbishment of the 24-storey tower, reveals that the saving was made after tender by fitting cassette fix aluminium cladding in lieu of zinc cladding. /Rotate 0 WebKensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) is inviting three organisations to submit a tender for the provision of site supervision and monitoring Additionally, the knowledge accumulated through the previous arrangements was not retained within the new corporate body: priorities changed, partly through the perception that tenant involvement conferred sufficient legitimacy on decision making, partly as the priorities of the management team changed and partly because of the increased scale of responsibility delegated to a small and inexperienced organisation. Untangling responsibility for decisions on the project remains complex. Staff managing social housing for the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea adopted an us vs them mentality towards residents of the Grenfell Tower in the months before the fire that killed 72 people, an inquiry has heard. /Pages 2 0 R The aluminium panels received a worse rating in terms of the amount of smoke they would emit. Grenfell Inquiry. 8 0 obj The council retains the ownership, a significant share of the rent, and overall responsibility for the properties, including allocations policy, capital investment, major repairs, public accounting and performance. /F9 13 0 R The lack of health and safety regulation is therefore a clear a failure on the part of the state to protect the right to life under Article 2 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) 1950. /F9 13 0 R More sensible was the arrangement we had in Ladywood, of an elected Ladywood Housing Liaison Board of twelve-or-so tenants (and ONLY tenants), handling just the few hundred properties in our locality. Grenfell Tower Inquiry. Tenants in the Lancaster West estate where Grenfell Tower is located and in other big estates in the Royal Borough wanted more say and better housing services. Read about our approach to external linking. I have been asking for two years for those to be changed, and nothing has happened, he said. Seventy-two people died in the Grenfell fire on 14 June 2017. [email protected] uiry.org.uk 0800 121 4282 /Filter /FlateDecode Mr Daffarn told a I was woken that day by the smell of burning, he said. Residents at high rise flats managed by the organisation that ran Grenfell Tower have spoken of their concerns over their safety after Wednesdays catastrophic fire. The resident-led board has an ongoing role in scrutinising the delivery of services under the MMA, as well as ensuring ongoing assistance to the public inquiry and criminal investigation. Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation opening statement. A fire had started in a flat on the third floor. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 857.28] I have yet to see any rebuttal here. How to cite this blog post (Harvard style), Nadj, Daniela. Critics of the public-private partnership, or PPP, management hand-off claim that the quasi-privatised TMO arrangement is rife with corruption, including sweetheart deals to /XObject << /F12 15 0 R A Grenfell resident who predicted a "catastrophic event" would happen at the tower has defended his description of its management as a "mini-mafia". << /Font << >> With prudent Following the tragic fire in June 2017, changes were made which ultimately led to the KCTMO handing back delivery of all day-to-day housing and related support services to the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea at the end of February 2018. All queries about housing services should be directed to the Council. /F2 17 0 R Green party councillor Sin Berry has demanded a block by block breakdown of the materials and structural plans for cladding used on every single block in Camden, highlighting heightened concern for safety in council high rises across the country. The secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure. /Contents 29 0 R It needs to be more like the Housing Liaison Board we had in Ladywood until the council chose to get rid of it (on bogus excuse) because some people have other priorities than honest effective tenant involvement. WebThe Kensington and Chelsea borough-wide TMO, formed in the 1990s, is known by tenants locally around Grenfell Tower as a fake TMO. Your email address will not be published. This changed in 1995 when Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) was established to manage 10,000 local council properties. [17] In September 2017 Kensington and Chelsea councillors voted unanimously to end the contract with KCTMO, stating that the firm "no longer has the trust of residents in the borough". Theres no sprinklers, no fire alarms and the security cameras dont work. It did not comment on the Chalcot Estate. Mr Daffarn disputed being disruptive but accepted he had a difficult relationship with the councillor. ATIC, a lobby group for tenant control, with support of NFTMO and co-op housing groups, organised a meeting where Lord Falconer, the housing minister, was persuaded by Gordon Perry, the then CEO of KCTMO, to agree a special exception for KCTMO to remain tenant-controlled while gaining ALMO status and the associated capital investment. /F1 16 0 R endobj Grenfell was, at least in part, a consequence of the lack of local control; tenants of Grenfell Tower had warned months before of the risk of fire or other disasters because of the neglect of safety by the ALMO (KCTMO). /F7 9 0 R A key problem in the causation of Grenfell was LACK OF TENANT INVOLVEMENT AND OVERSIGHT. How to cite this blogpost (Harvard style), Muzamil Khan N and Haynes P (2021) The Role of Corporate Governance Failure in the Grnfell Tower Fire Available at:https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/housing-after-grenfell/blog/2021/08/role-corporate-governance-failure-grenfell-tower-fire (Accessed [date]). Edward Daffarn and another resident repeatedly attacked the Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) in a blog. Shirley Phillips, 72, who lives on the second floor in a neighbouring block, said: I am worried, but is worrying going to help? She had read on Facebook that one of the tenants wants everyone to rally around and call for the cladding to be removed. This blog post discusses the conditions of corporate governance failure within the network of stakeholders in the context of the management and refurbishment of Grenfell Tower. The correct lesson is that user control of governance does not in itself secure user empowerment. However, KCTMO continues to exist as a legal entity so that it can be represented at the Grenfell Tower Inquiry. /F1 16 0 R /F8 11 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 857.28] At Adair Tower in Kensington and Chelsea, Fabio Freemantle, 33, lives on the 13th and highest floor. /F6 21 0 R Artelia, a French-owned company, fulfilled several roles for KCTMO. The residents who have formed the umbrella group Grenfell United, have vowed not to give up their fight for justice until they get it. The handback consisted of all the services to residents and those support functions required to enable these services to be provided. >> You have to go up another level on the council to find out what happened. It was set up to cover the whole borough and simply took on the existing council housing department and stock. He showed new notices stuck up in the hallways after last Octobers fire stating: There is a stay put policy for residents unless the fire is in it affecting your flat.. /F5 20 0 R /F11 12 0 R /Type /Page Andrew Kinnier QC, for the Grenfell Tower Inquiry, said that a document in 2013 viewed the Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (TMO), as having a reactive approach to maintenance built more on compliance rather than breakdown. /F6 21 0 R However, it was replaced in 2014 with cheaper aluminium cladding with a polyethylene core which has since proved combustible in government tests. Rydon did not comment on the Camden flats. Walking in silence has taken on a symbolic power; it is an expression of quiet defiance in the face of a tremendous amount of injustice and institutional indifference. /Annots [] endobj To be clear, if we cannot get out people will die or at best suffer serious injury.. Kensington and Chelsea TMO (KCTMO) was the largest tenant management organisation (TMO) in England, managing nearly 10,000 properties on behalf of Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council the entire council housing stock in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Among the 200 TMOs nationally, that particular organisation is a total anomaly not community-based, not cooperatively run, not representative. /Im31 26 0 R It was impossible to go out because of the smoke, they said. It is true to say that some lessons have been learnt about potential risks of inappropriate cladding and evacuation advice but there is no evidence that the lessons of the governance failure that led to the choice of poor redevelopment, inappropriate safety standards and the procurement of unsafe cladding have been learnt. The document says there were issues which needed attention regarding planned maintenance. Camden council said it was conducting additional fire safety checks to reassure residents in its tower blocks. About the Author Artelia replied with three options including that fully cassette-fixed cladding would save 293,368. Staff managing social housing for the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea adopted an us vs them mentality towards residents of the Grenfell Tower in the months before the fire that killed 72 people, an inquiry has heard. Since January 2018, the housing has been directly managed by the council. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 857.28] The Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation was established on 1 April 1996, when it assumed management of 9,760 properties from the council. /Xi5 14 0 R Police are considering manslaughter charges in relation to the fire. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.2 857.28] Both products were certified according to the European fire resistance standard. /F8 11 0 R It said said: We need good costs for Cllr Feilding-Mellen and the planner tomorrow at 8.45am!. /Xi13 38 0 R In many ways the organisation that now exists is the product of central government policy without which the entire housing stock would have remained under direct council control. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. They only put on fire doors after the fire in Adair Tower last October. KCTMO is a tenant controlled TMO and the great majority of its board are resident members.. Typically, a chain of events leading to the catastrophe is triggered by a breakdown within a structure that fails to address problems as they occur and mitigate risks as they arise. KCTMO, of course, took no further part in ATIC (having been glad to accept help to fix their political problem, the facts in her account are not fully correct. On that occasion I went out on to my balcony, but there was thick smoke there. The actual management agreement between the borough and effectively the Director of Housing, who became the CEO of the TMO, is still unclear. /Resources << /Count 5 Since the [KCTMO] took over from the council, they have made it worse.. /XObject << List of Grenfell's The Kensington and Chelsea borough-wide TMO, formed in the 1990s, is known by tenants locally around Grenfell Tower as a fake TMO. I got my elderly neighbour out of his flat and we walked all the way down the 189 steps. All rights reserved. In one reply, residents were told KCTMO had been assured recent works were safe by the London Fire Brigade and the National Grid. The minutes, seen by the Guardian, recorded: Rydon have completed the mock-up for the cladding and it was confirmed that the planners are viewing the colours and fixing detail on 17 July The initial feedback on the cladding, following a walk around prior to the meeting, is that the vertical sections need design work., It added in a post-meeting note: The initial feedback from the planners is that they would probably prefer the champagne to brushed aluminium and they were not that keen on the face fix.. Each of the organisations that was involved in the management and refurbishment of Grenfell Tower was subject to a specific professional regulatory framework. >> /Type /Catalog (There was) nothing addressing the individual parts of it, it was just very generic.. Police said they were considering manslaughter charges in relation to the fire as they revealed that the cladding tiles at the building had failed safety tests. The police were not transparent about the Grenfell death toll: why does it matter now? The TMO was the organisation appointed by the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea to run its entire council housing stock. /Contents 25 0 R /F1 16 0 R It was its agent with a duty to coordinate the development of the requirements for the project with the client and their professional advisers, and to act as the contract administrator. Your life is too precious to stay put. >> /Xi8 14 0 R As well as the recent fire in Adair Tower, he said, there had been another one two months ago in nearby Trellick Tower, which is run by the same landlord. In an email, the local councillor, Judith Blakeman, said "continuing to give these people so much access to put their views is unhelpful as it gives them greater legitimacy". 6 0 obj The Council seems deaf. /Type /Page Home News. They have been hiding from residents; they have been hiding from backbench councillors for over a week.. On 14 June 2017 a large fire engulfed Grenfell Tower, a 24-floor, 120-flat block managed by KCTMO. Kensington and Chelsea, following budget cuts, was quick to close day care centres, local libraries, and direct services, including the repair budget of KCTMO. A good article but it misses out that the Lancaster West Estate had their own TMO (an EMB) from 1993 until the larger organisation (KCTMO) closed them down in 2013. It stated: We do not see it necessary to instruct or fund an independent adjudicator at this time.. In a closing comment, Mr Daffarn said the building's management "didn't treat us with respect or humanity or empathy and if they had done, we wouldn't be here now". The TMO was set up on 1 April 1996,[1] under the UK Government's Housing (Right to Manage) Regulations 1994. >> 3 0 obj /F12 15 0 R When the Grenfell fire disaster happened, very few people had heard of Tenant Management Organisations (TMOs). The one managing Grenfell Tower, however, was actually an Arms Length Management Organisation wholly owned by the council, writes Anne Power. The TMO continues to exist as an independent corporate entity and the board will continue to be accountable to its members. >> The DeKalb Area Rental Association is a nonprofit, educational organization representing rental housing units in DeKalb, Illinois, and its immediate The windows dont work. The Grenfell Tower formed one part of the Lancaster West Estate envisioned in the 1960s and completed in the 1970s (MacLeod, 2018, p.467). The year before the fire, Mr Daffarn's blog, which he wrote with Francis O'Connor, said: "It is a truly terrifying thought but the Grenfell Action Group firmly believe that only a catastrophic event will expose the ineptitude and incompetence of our landlord, the KCTMO, and bring an end to the dangerous living conditions and neglect of health and safety legislation that they inflict upon their tenants and leaseholders.". >> People need action to restore normal conditions on the estate and rebuild trust. The fire started in a faulty fridge freezer on the 4th floor of the 24-storey, 120-flat residential block in West London, rapidly spreading throughout most of the building and engulfing the outside cladding within 45 minutes. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] The fire speaks to the failure of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, one of the wealthiest boroughs in the country, to adequately regulate social housing. They have also demanded copies of the service history for the buildings dry risers containing the hose connectors for the fire fighters, following unconfirmed reports from residents in Grenfell that some of the dry riser cabinets were jammed. endobj /F6 21 0 R In April 1996 it had sub-contracted the management of its entire social housing stock to a private entity, the Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Extending limitation periods in the Defective Premises Act 1972: a breach of Article 1 of Protocol No. Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation has not responded to the Guardian about the complaints raised by tenants at Adair Tower. The chief executive of KCTMO, Robert Black, stood down on Friday to concentrate on assisting with the investigation and inquiry. You are quite right Robin a key problem (maybe the key problem) was a lack of tenant involvement. /Xi11 14 0 R The document containing proposed cost cuts to bring the refurbishment budget down from 9.25m to 8.65m was issued by Artelia. It is therefore possible, that the Council could be made liable in judicial review proceedings for its systemic regulatory failures, as the residents only discovered, post-Grenfell, that their homes were unsafe. WebKensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation. x\s6_kgX9zqD3=m'%=o?` RMg9oo X|YejwUSq|,~Z,^bj;,i"22|{dl[yo~U27KO 1s7U>\$*d,`_pW4 (H4_f,MP,)f. As secretary of the Grenfell Tower Leaseholders Association (GTLA), he had raised concerns about bare gas pipes being run through the stairwell of the building the only fire escape during recent upgrade works. /Annots [] [11][12], Grenfell Action Group, the block's tenant organisation, had repeatedly warned of major fire safety lapses since 2013. In sharp contrast to this model, TMOs are locally based, grassroots community groups that want to improve local conditions in their social housing estate or small area. Your email address will not be published. /Parent 2 0 R They must have complied with the law, he said. Lee Chapman said he had repeatedly been refused an independent fire assessment of the building by the Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) in spring 2017. To replace the windows, they would have had to put up scaffolding, and they didnt want to spend the money., In nearby Hazelwood Tower, also run by KCTMO, Jean Dumas, an architect, works in a ground floor office of Trellik Design Studio. Concerned residents in the Chalcot Estate in Swiss Cottage asked Camden council on Thursday for a copy of the specifications for the rainfall cladding installed by housing contractor Rydon 11 years ago. London's high-rise tenants cite concerns in wake of Grenfell Tower fire Residents of other blocks run by Kensington and Chelsea Tenants Management In 1996, the state authorities sub-contracted the management of social housing, including the Grenfell Towers, to the Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) They range from around 100 to 1500 rented properties in a single estate or area. How is someone on the top floor to know there is a fire on the bottom if there is no fire alarm?. Needless to say, our focus on the role of corporate governance in ensuring the safety of the residents at Grenfell Tower and on how corporate governance failures contributed to the tragedy is not meant to diminish the responsibility of key organisations and individuals in their duty of care in the management and maintenance of Grenfell Tower. Grenfell Tower, covered up after the tragic fire in June 2017, Loz Pycock, shared under the CC BY-SA 2.0 licence. A key complaint raised by Edward Daffarn in the blog related to concerns that contractors were parking in emergency bays at the base of the tower, preventing fire service vehicles from getting access in the event of a blaze. A list of amendments to the 9.2m contract between Kensington and Chelsea Tenant Management Organisation (KCTMO) and Rydon, the builder for the Of course we are worried. The Director of Housing proposed a borough-wide TMO that kept the housing department intact. This allows decision makers to focus on the relevant and appropriate issues and prioritize their time and resources. Publicity about the fake TMO puts their track record at risk. It is shocking if, as has been reported, this board then refused to listen to the concerns raised by Grenfell residents, or give them an independent fire safety inspection as they requested. Since the mid-1970s, over 200 of these TMOs have formed. >> In 2012, Studio E Architects proposed zinc cladding with a mineral-rich fire-retardant polyethylene core, a decision approved by residents, according to planning papers. /Resources << /F3 18 0 R Anne Power here has made a solid case that it was only a TMO in the most superficial, misleading sense. 1 0 obj In the early hours of the morning of 14th June 2017 a fire broke out in one of the fourth-floor flats at a recently renovated tower block at Grenfell Tower, London, a social housing complex of almost 1,000 homes. /Resources << I do not want to comment on the terrible Grenfell disaster beyond saying that it is hardly fair to blame the TMO structure for a problem endemic in the social housing industry, well known from Lakanal and fully exposed over many years in Inside Housing. L6 Property Management is a full service, investor-focused property management solution that ensures homeowners the peace of mind that their valuable This would have been done in conjunction with the contract management team and any other advice that was needed, she added. Setting up KCTMO allowed tenants to take on responsibility for housing management, but the scale of responsibility was immense and contentious. It was first published on the Oxford Business Law Blog. Ultimately, in the case of Grenfell Tower, the overriding objective of the (corporate bodys) governance framework should have been to keep residents safe. /Contents 33 0 R A fire at the Grenfell Tower block in west London in June 2017 claimed 72 lives. doesnt it just make it harder to find out who is responsible? Image obtained from https://www.grenfellunited.org/. And 8 tenants is far too few to deal sensibly with 10,000 properties. >> The housing department staff were transferred over into the new organisation on existing terms and conditions, and the so-called KCTMO took over all council housing management functions, making it an Arms Length Management Organisation of the Council an ALMO. It said Rydon would appoint other consultants (to include fire, DDA [Disability Discrimination Act], acoustic, etc, after the main subcontractors are on board. They fear their lives could also be at risk if the cladding is found to be an issue in the Grenfell inferno, which has killed at least 17 people. /Xi6 30 0 R He emailed London Fire Brigade (LFB) in March 2014 warning that "if there was a major fire in Grenfell Tower and fire brigade access ever became an issue we would use the evidence recorded on our blog and in extensive email correspondence to ensure that those in charge at the TMO (Tenant Management Organisation) would face extremely serious consequences". The remains of Grenfell Tower. Mr Chapman and other members of the leaseholders association repeatedly requested copies of fire safety reports from the National Grid and the fire brigade which KCTMO claimed it possessed. [18] In late December 2017 KCTMO announced that it would be handing control of all of its housing stock back to the council by 31 January 2018 as an "interim measure".[19]. /F3 18 0 R << /F10 10 0 R /Type /Page Disabled Grenfell residents 'had no escape route', Government defeated again on fire safety measures, Grenfell residents with safety fears 'bullied', Grenfell Tower: 9 things we now know about the cladding, Grenfell predicted a decade before, memo shows, Woman stabbed to death in street in Brixton, Ant and Dec among celebrities invited to King Charles Coronation as guestlist revealed, Pubs in Highgate that have called last orders over the years, 2023 House of Commons Sitting By Abdul Mateen Riaz, World record crowd provides fitting end to historic Women's Six Nations, London May Day and NHS protests pictures 2023: Guys and St Thomas, Trafalgar Square and Clerkenwell, More than 100 police hurt in French May Day protests, Fighter jets are roaring over my home in Sudan, Explosion derails train in Russian border region.