Anderson set off on his own with 20 men in March 1864. Also notable is that the group included the young Jesse James and his older brother Frank James. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1725 titles we cover. 133-44. Showing search results for "William Quantrill" sorted by relevance. To use it, Skeeter sucked on the end and then placed it upright on parchment.. One notable use of the Quick-Quotes Quill was when Skeeter interviewed Harry Potter after he had been chosen to compete in the 1994-1995 Triwizard Tournament. In winter, when concealment was difficult, the guerrillas would head south to Texas until the foliage returned in Missouri, though they did not leave drunkenness, mayhem, and murder behind in their Texas sojourns. William Quantrill Quotes Free Daily Quotes . On the evening of September 6, 1862, William Quantrill led his Confederate guerrillas, numbering from 125 to 150, in a raid against Olathe, Kansa s. The raid resulted in a half dozen deaths and the destruction of most of the town. They were somewhat comfortable in the knowledge that Captain Terrells guerrilla-hunting scouts were miles away with no knowledge of their whereabouts. Here they are: 1. The very nature of warfare in Civil War Missouri, often unseen and unrecorded, has rendered it difficult to produce a definitive account of the guerrillas despite the best efforts of many highly competent historians. William Clarke Quantrill was a Civil War guerrilla leader along the western border of Missouri and Kansas. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Their favorite long-arm was the breech-loading 1859 Sharps rifle, easy to handle on horseback, especially in its carbine version. But the security of Quantrills crew was misplaced. But more than likely, Quantrill planned to link up with General Robert E. Lees army, believing that the men would be considered Southern soldiers and would be pardoned with the coming end of the war in Virginia. Shortly before his death, Bloody Bill announced, I have killed Union soldiers until I have got sick of killing them. Most of the Missouri population was sick of Bloody Bill as well; as a local newspaper proclaimed, An avenging God has permitted bullets fired from Federal muskets to pierce his head, and the inhuman butcher of Centralia sleeps his last sleep. (St. Joseph Morning Herald). Rita Skeeter used a long, acid green Quick-Quotes Quill when interviewing people for the Daily Prophet. By some means apparently unknown to Langford, Quantrills mother later tracked down Langfords location and sent several letters to him, inquiring among other things if he had any relics of Quantrills body still in his possession, the Ledger reported. In the Fall of 1862, Bill and Jim ran afoul of guerrilla leader William Quantrill, who took their horses as punishment for robbing Southern sympathizers as well as pro-Unionists. By Christmas 1861, he had ten men who would follow him full-time into his pro-Confederate guerrilla organization:[10][pageneeded] William Haller, George Todd, Joseph Gilcrist, Perry Hoy, John Little, James Little, Joseph Baughan, William H. Gregg, James A. Hendricks, and John W. Koger. John Langford appeared to be a cautious man. Bill offered some simple advice to the citizens of Missouri: "If you proclaim to be against the guerrillas I will kill you. The terrified men scrambled wildly for their horses, Connelley wrote, adding that those who were fortunate enough to mount, fled in a mad route. Sleeping in the barn loft, Quantrill was unable to secure his gun-shy mount and pursued his men on foot. By the summer of 1863, it was obvious the war in the West was lost. Later, the group became Confederate soldiers, who were referred to as "Quantrill's Raiders". [29] The William Clarke Quantrill Society continues to celebrate Quantrill's life and deeds.[29]. It was the first public sign of the combination of vicious anger and callous regard for life that would characterize his short career as a guerrilla leader. General Jo Shelby, a Missourian and one of the Confederacys best fighting generals, held a low opinion of the guerrillas: They are Confederate soldiers in nothing save the name No organization, no concentration, no discipline, no law, no anything. Bloody Bill even denied the name part, stating: I am a guerrilla. Because I would not fight the people of Missouri, my native State, the Yankees sought my life but failed to get me. This included Henry Torrey and Harmon Beeson, two local men hoping to build a large farm for their families out west. The Navy Colt was lighter than the Army Colt and thus preferable to men trying to carry as many as three to six at a time, which provided them with enormous firepower in battle. Select quotes from this letter confirm that Langford was with Edwin Terrells party pursuing Quantrills men in Kentucky in 1865 and that he was the man who killed him. William was a school teacher in Ohio and Illinois for a brief period before going to Kansas with a party of settlers in 1857. Quantrill's mother had to turn her home into a boarding house in order to survive. [28] Some of Quantrill's celebrity later rubbed off on other ex-Raiders, like John Jarrett, George and Oliver Shepherd, Jesse and Frank James, and Cole Younger, who went on after the war to apply Quantrill's hit-and-run tactics to bank and train robbery. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. The bodies lay so thick that Dave Poole amused himself counting them by jumping from body to body. Beginning with a small group of men fighting the pre-war Kansas Jayhawkers, Quantrill eventually came to lead hundreds of guerrillas. Another of Anderson's sisters, Mary, was permanently crippled in the collapse. In May 1863 the brothers discovered their family home was nothing more than charred ruins, courtesy of the Kansas Jayhawkers. The brave marshals do their best but they are few in number. [25], Another legend that has circulated claims that Quantrill may have escaped custody and fled to Arkansas, where he lived under the name of L.J. Halleck issued an order in March 1862 that declared the Confederate guerrillas to be outlaws subject to summary execution. He lived for another two years in great pain from his wound before dying on December 13, 1868. For instance, he wrote to his good friend W.W. Scott in January 1858 that the Lecompton Constitution was a "swindle" and that James H. Lane, a Northern sympathizer, was "as good a man as we have here". When the Civil War erupted, pro-slavery guerilla warfare had already been going on for several years in "Bloody Kansas." He went onto to become a Confederate Captain in 1862. PDF downloads of all 1725 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. During a tumultuous winter in Texas, the group divided into bands, each commanded by a lieutenant such as George Todd and Bloody Bill Anderson. In one case, a German was found at the last moment before his hanging to actually be a Confederate supporter. Some, like Lil Archie Clements, were unable to obtain favorable conditions and thus remained underarms. William Clarke Quantrill (July 31, 1837 June 6, 1865) was a Confederate guerrilla leader and mass murderer[1] during the American Civil War. Despite their gain in notoriety and expansion in numbers, accompanied by increasing expertise in the American Indian style of guerrilla fighting, the group was considered undisciplined and dangerous. These men were stripped and Anderson made a small speech, letting them know You are all to be killed and sent to hell.. Jesse was 16 when he and Frank became Confederate guerrilla soldiers, riding alongside William Quantrill and "Bloody Bill" Anderson. During the caravan, Quantrill was heavily guarded but treated with respect. Oklahoma Historical Society, John Bartlett Meserve. Most had never joined the army, were paroled prisoners, or even deserters. The guerrillas swore revenge and took it on September 27, 1864, at the Missouri town of Centralia. Most of the early settlers who established homes, farms, and businesses in the northwest Missouri frontier were of Southern origin, hailing from states such as Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Quantrill captured the military outpost and tried forcing the men to swear an oath to the Confederacy. Nodaway County author Homer Croy wrote of Quantrill, Because of Quantrill, widows wailed, orphans cried, maidens wept. Croy was echoing the sentiment of William Elsey Connelley, author of the 1909 book Quantrill and the Border Wars, in his introduction to the 1956 Civil War Book Club edition of Connelleys book. Quantrill continued his career as a teacher, moving to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in February 1856. Noland was one of five known Black Americans who rode with the Missouri bushwhackers. Martin Kelly. Mayes was a half Scots-Irish and half Cherokee Confederate sympathizer and a war chief of the Cherokee Nations in Texas. Here we have teen-aged Archie Clements. Having endured a tempestuous childhood before later becoming a schoolteacher, Quantrill joined a group of bandits who roamed the Missouri and Kansas countryside to apprehend escaped slaves. In August 1907, news articles appeared in Canada and the US that claimed that J.E. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." God damn his little soul, hes a Dutchman anyway., Bill offered some simple advice to the citizens of Missouri: If you proclaim to be against the guerrillas I will kill you. The Quantrill band joined with other guerrilla groups operating in the Bluegrass State, such as the group led by Marcellus Jerome Clark (also known as Sue Mundy) to terrorize with relatively little fear of reprisal or punishment. A stagecoach rolled in and was promptly robbed before a train arrived. It would be this group of scouts, under the command of a young officer of the worst imaginable reputation, that would hunt down William Quantrill and end his life. A squad of militiamen was sent to arrest him, but Clements burst out of the saloon firing furiously. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Though it is a matter of some dispute, Quantrill may have held a Confederate commission as a captain of partisan rangers. The guerrillas rode into Lawrence on August 21, 1863, shouting Remember Osceola. Over 200 civilian men and boys were killed in four hours. This raid was the culmination of an . The general was chased into Indian Territory, and by the time he returned to Arkansas he had only half the 12,000 men he had started with. Events & Documents, Learn HE RODE WITH, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. He worked for us. In late 1862, the Union ordered the imprisonment of all women known to be related to the guerrillas. It was Mayes who taught Quantrill guerrilla warfare tactics, the ambush fighting tactics used by the Native Americans, as well as camouflage and the tactic of the sneak attack. The fact that a bullet from his revolver closed the career of the celebrated Quantrell [sic] was common talk among the twenty-eight men who composed the scouting party, the Ledger reported in the same story. The ferocity and brutality of a conflict waged between neighbors and families precluded the possibility of an easy transition into a post-war peace. "I have lapped filthy water from a hoofprint and was glad to have it," he brags, and Rooster makes fun of him for the comment, saying that all Texans claim they've drunk from a hoofprint. Andersons reputation actually helped in recruitment; according to Jim Cummins, a member of Andersons band: Having looked the situation over I determined to join the worst devil in the bunch, so I decided it was Anderson for me as I wanted to see the blood flow., Union supporters or relatives of soldiers could expect little mercy. Mayes enlisted and served as a private in Company A of the 1st Cherokee Regiment in the Confederate army. Barton, OS: Three Years with Quantrill: A True Story Told by His Scout, John McCorkle, Norman, Oklahoma, 1914, Beilein, Joseph M. Jr.: Bushwackers: Guerrilla Warfare, Manhood, and the Household in Civil War Missouri, Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio, 2016, Brownlee, Richard S.: Gray Ghosts of the Confederacy: Guerrilla Warfare in the West, 1861-1865, Castel, Albert: William Clarke Quantrill: His Life and Times, New York, 1962, Castel, Albert: General Sterling Price and the Civil War in the West, Baton Rouge, 1968. Perhaps as bad as the man he was hunting down.. Listen carefully to instructions and never expect to be told anything a second time. Clements opened fire on them and the rest of the bushwackers joined in. Bloody Bills reign of terror came to an end on October 27, 1864, at Albany Missouri. After what became known as the First Battle of Independence, the Confederate government decided to secure the loyalty of Quantrill by issuing him a "formal army commission" to the rank of captain. Most of the Union prisoners begged for their lives. Brilliantly weaving together eyewitness accounts, letters, memories, newspaper articles, and military reports into a riveting narrative, this definitive biography reveals the personality of William Clarke Quantrill (1837-1865) and the events that transformed a quiet Ohio schoolteacher from a staunchly Unionist family into a virulent pro-slavery Confederate soldier and the most feared and . As bushwackers they had learned how easily banks and trains could be robbed and the hard life of a farmer held little appeal by comparison. Were they able to loot stores and rob civilians? Quantrill received a field commission as captain in the Confederate army in August 1862 under the Confederate Partisan Act, but he often referred to himself as Colonel. Unlike Quantrill, his band of raiders never was sanctioned by the Confederate government. On his way, on October 6, Quantrill chose to attack Fort Blair in Baxter Springs, Kansas, which resulted in the so-called Battle of Baxter Springs. It was also the home of James H. Lane, a senator known in Missouri for his staunch opposition to slavery and as a leader of the Jayhawkers. The rest of his body was dragged through the streets. As passions faded over the post-war decades, the Missouri guerrillas began to hold reunions in 1898 like other Confederate units. Matthew Christopher Hulbert, "The Rise and Fall of Edwin Terrell, Guerrilla Hunter, U.S.A.", Shadow of the Outlaw: Quantrill's Initiation, "The Plot to Assassinate President Johnson" (1959, Accessed on 09-08-2009 Three Years With Quantrill, In Kansas, Confederate guerrillas attack and burn Shawneetown for the second time, Civil War raid on Lamar to be re-enacted for 150th anniversary, A hard history lesson: A Civil War Tragedy details 1864 lynching of Collin County judge, sheriff and sheriffs brother-in-law, "Replica Head of Confederate Raider Quantrill", "The Great Quantrill - Crocker Mystery in Augusta, Arkansas", Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography, Official website for the Family of Frank & Jesse James: Stray Leaves, A James Family in America Since 1650, Guerrilla raiders in an 1862 Harper's Weekly story, with illustration, Quantrill's Guerrillas Members In The Civil War, Quantrill flag at Kansas Museum of History, Charles W. Quantrell: A True Report of his Guerrilla Warfare on the Missouri and Kansas Border, List of Union Civil War monuments and memorials, List of memorials to the Grand Army of the Republic, Confederate artworks in the United States Capitol, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials. They never married, although she often visited and lived in camp with Quantrill and his men. A further order forcing the conscription of all able-bodied men into Union militias convinced many young men in Missouri to join the guerrillas instead. On August 25, in retaliation for the raid, General Ewing authorized General Order No. This is the truth behind the man and the soldier. [4] Here, Quantrill took up a job in the lumberyards, unloading timber from rail cars. Lane, a prime target of the raid, managed to escape through a cornfield in his nightshirt, but the guerrillas, on Quantrill's orders, killed around 150 men and boys who were able to carry a rifle. Anderson ordered Clements to muster out the naked prisoners. Fueling this conflict was a dispute over whether Kansas should be a slave-holding state or not. His once-large band broke up into several smaller guerrilla companies. Posing as Captain Clarke, Quantrill continued to use the effective guise of his command as a Missouri unit detached to the Bluegrass State to track down secessionist guerrillas. 5. Refine any search. Quantrill, in the company of Mayes and the Cherokee Nations, joined with General Sterling Price and fought at the Battle of Wilson's Creek and Lexington in August and September 1861. Quantrill then joined a group of Missouri ruffians and became somewhat of a drifter. You cannot escape." Counter-Measures Union counter-measures included the death penalty for interfering with the railroads. He mounted his horse and got partway down the street before falling prey to sharpshooters who lined the rooftops to prevent his escape. William Clarke Quantrill was a Confederate captain during the American Civil War and was responsible for the Lawrence massacre, which was one of the worst and bloodiest events in the war.