Pokhran Test Range, where the Indian Army conducted the countrys first successful nuclear bomb test in 1974, is located near Pokhran village. Truth behind Dalit mans murder over moustache and a village bitterly divided in Rajasthan. A caste-related board outside Dhola Shasan village. ?, 2013, ???? Kerpura, Rana comes from Sanskrit and means "king.". ?????? Raghunathpura, Vol I, 2004, Ed Dr Vir Singh, Hasan Nizami, Tajul-ma'asir, Fascimile translation in ED, Vol. Mahawar Is The Word Of Sanskrit Language. Rajasthan, state of northwestern India, located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. Rao is a title and surname native to India. Bikas means progress, expansion, or development. The variant spellings of the surname are Vikas and Bikash. Pura Ki Dhani, Chaiya, Parbhuwala, : : , , , , , , 4-5 , 400 . Tilokpura (5), The variant spellings of this surname are Tomara, Tomer, Taur, and Toor. Nar Singhani, En. Rorawali, But the surprising part of the story is the Indian National Congress deciding to put its weight behind a caste census, and OBC empowerment, to counter the politics of Hindutva and nationalism. Alafsar, All subscribers get a weekly, subscriber-only newsletter by default. <> malawat caste in rajasthan. Pakka Sarna, Seja Ki Dhani, The surname refers to a group of Rajputs belonging to the ancient Naga kingdom. The Indus (Harappan) and post-Indus civilizations (3rd-2nd millennium bce) are traceable at Kalibangan in northern Rajasthan, as well as at Ahar and Gilund, both near the city of Udaipur in the south. ?? Khandwa Patta Peetheesar (), 5 ?? They ruled over the eponymous Shekhawati region in north-eastern Rajasthan. The Jarrals are said to have descended from Arjuna, one of the Pandava kings. Sikar, Sudhul, Bachhals are said to be the descendants of Raja Bairat, who ruled a region around Kheri in Uttar Pradesh in ancient times. Bhadails are the descendants of Rao Ajay, the third son of Rao Sheoji, a Rajput warrior. JAIPUR: Under the Dr Ambedkar Scheme for social integration through inter-caste marriages, only 11 were sanctioned in Rajasthan in the past three years, a central government data has said. How are Rajput surnames connected to the various castes within the Rajput community? [40] Then they rose to the sovereign power and their ruler Jit Salindra, who promoted the renown of his race, started the Jat colonisation in Punjab and fortified the town Salpur/Sorpur, near Multan. ????? Some of the variants of the surname are Baghela, Waghela, and Vaghela. This name Pokharan or Pokhran, comes from Hindi and means palace of five mirages.. This is how it has been here for the last 30 years, he told Newslaundry. Process of Conversion to the Chamar Caste About forty years ago, Gunarthi (1950) described how outsiders were admitted to Chamar caste in Rajasthan. My brother dreamt that I would study and become a teacher, Meghwals sister, Divya Sarel told Newslaundry. Nazar kaise milayi ? How dare you look me in the eye? Other than India Ranawat is found in 22 countries. Pali district, in western Rajasthan, has a population of over 20 lakh as per the 2011 census. Baniya is also a caste in India predominantly found in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Maharashtra. Ambabari, The surname likely refers to a clan of Rajputs who were followers or devotees of Ravidas, an Indian saint and poet of the 15th century. Meanwhile, the footage from Ashoks phone is still under examination as the police are yet to receive the forensic report of the phone. Chirasan, ?? Read on for a list of Rajput surnames with their origin and meanings as well. All Rights Reserved. Naresh also remembers an instance when a Rajpurohit priest reprimanded Naresh and his son for sitting inside a temple. It is derived from Vikas, an Indian baby boy name from Sanskrit. Other major urban centres include Jodhpur, Kota, Bikaner, Ajmer, and Udaipur. Pali district, in western Rajasthan, has a population of over 20 lakh as per the 2011 census. Malu () were supporters of Tomar Confederacy. The Banias of Rajasthan are often known as Marwaris, and are also known as Mahajans, a term which community members prefer because Bania can have negative connotations and imply a lower social position than that which they believe themselves to hold. Hoping for justice from the judiciary can be equally laborious, as Anjali* knows. PWD, Date of Birth: 11-July-1956, Vill-, Hanuman Singh Mahla - SE Irrigation, From, Nand Lal Mahla - Sr. 2 0 obj On March 15, 2022, Meghwal, a health worker from Barwa village, was on his way home from work when he was stabbed repeatedly by Suraj Singh Rajpurohit, allegedly for sporting a moustache (which some in the region consider a symbol of upper caste identity). The surname bears origin in the Jethwa dynasty, a group of Rajputs who ruled several parts of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat for centuries. It is a toponymic surname referring to those from Pokhran, a village in the Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan. [50], However, the third migration took place in early eighth century, Sihag,Godara,Saran, Punia, Mahla's and Jats of lower Sind migrated to Rajasthan, probably via Barmer regions to Bikaner, Ganganagar and Hanumangarh. It is a clan of Rajputs that migrated to various parts of north and east India in the ninth century. Among the majority, Rabari tribe is a gypsy tribe that had migrated from Iran to India a million years ago. Rawat () and Sahrawat were only titles used by Chandravanshi sardars which later began to be used as gotras. Sheikhpura. The Birla family were outcaste by the community in 1922 when one of their number broke the caste marriage rules. However, handicraftssuch as leather goods, marble work, jewelry, pottery, and embossed brasshave earned much foreign exchange. - ( ) 12 () (: , ) 12 -, 12 2 10 , 12 12 , 12 , , , ( ) , - () - 12 , , 12 - -, , - . Click here for additional information. The Rajput clan descended from Jam Lakho Jadani, a successful ruler of the Kutch region. Rawal means king, and is derived from the Sanskrit word Raja with the same meaning. Maheshwari, also spelled Maheshvari, is a Hindu caste of India, originally from what is now the state of Rajasthan. ?????? Salichandra erected a minster (mindra) on banks of the river Taveli in Malwa. The alternative spelling of the surname is Jarejo. According to the data collected by National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) for 2020, of the total crimes recorded in Rajasthan, 57.4 percent were against people categorised as SC. According to the data collected by National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) for 2020, of the total crimes recorded in Rajasthan, 57.4 percent were against people categorised as SC. 99. They are described as extraordinarily strong and brave. He was of Puru Vansh and ancestor of seven Jat gotras. Despite scant and scattered rainfall, nearly all types of crops are grown, including pearl millet in the desert area, sorghum around Kota, and mainly corn (maize) around Udaipur. Rajputs and Rajpurohits, a brahmin sub-caste, are dominant in this region and are also the accused in most of the cases in this region, Shekhawat said. From the Punjab Malwa they went to Rajasthan and finally to Central Indian and named it as Malwa. |How to claim money for intercaste marriage in Rajasthan| | |inter caste marriage benefits in hindi|other caste marriage benefits| . 13 ??????? Dhanda Kheri, Adarsh Nagar, . Rajasthan Politics: . It is a clan of Rajputs who migrated to several parts of northern India, especially Haryana. Another such fare is held annually at Mari village in Moga district, Ferozepore. Particularly the Mallhi Jats of Ludhiana have the Jather of Mari Lachhman at village Pabbian in Ludhiana district. Note: Skip if you're a subscriber. V.A. The chronicler s further classified them as 'The Jats living on the banks of the rivers (Lab-i-Daryayi) [44] and the Jats living in plain, desert (Jatan-i-Dashti); and 'the rustic Jats' (rusta'i Jat) living in villages. Surnames such as Jodha, Rathore, Rao, and Deshmukh are popular around the globe. Hindi is the official language of the state, and to some degree it has overshadowed the local languages of Rajasthan. On April 7, he raised the maximum age for candidates from economically weaker sections (EWS) for appointments to state services, bringing EWS reservations on par with those other reserved categories. The alternative spellings of Johiya are Joia, Joiya, Joya, Joyea, and Joeia. The surname is also spelled as Gehlot, Gahlot, Guhila, or Gohil. About 2,70,000 Rabaris are settled in the deserted lands . Electricity supplies are obtained mostly from neighbouring states and from the Chambal Valley project. Karanpura (Khud), Mehla: Ratlam 1, Rana comes from Sanskrit and means king.. It was formerly used as a title by Rajput kings, and later developed into a surname. melissa scripps today malawat caste in rajasthan. Moreover, he built the vihra called Bhtikatissa. ??????? The Grasia and Kathodi also largely live in the south, mostly in the Mewar region. So, if you are inclined towards knowing about power-packed surnames, such as those of a Rajput clan, we have listed a few royal Rajput surnames in the infographic below. endobj The raging controversy in Rajasthan over the death of a nine-year-old boy due to injuries allegedly suffered from being slapped hard in the ear by his school principal is linked to the prevalent caste undercurrents in the state. During a Facebook Live, Norva said, Such anti-social elements need to be given a befitting reply. Goma Ram in Ghenri village has been following a case of alleged caste atrocity since 2016. Rajputs are divided into several significant subgroups known as vansh, a subset of the super-division jati. The Rajput is typically split into three main vansh Suryavanshi implies lineage from the solar deity Surya, Chandravanshi from the moon deity Chandra, and Agnivanshi from the fire deity Agni. Bhim Singh Dahiya gives detailed information about Malli/Mallhi as under: [28]. In several places in Rajasthan, Mali populations reside where Gurjars do. The name refers to the sub-clan of Bhains Rajputs, who themselves are a sub-group of the Bais clan of Rajputs. Kanwarpura Srimadhopur (1), It is derived from the element kotha of Sanskrit kosthaka, meaning granary or silo. The surname is common in Rajasthani and Gujarati communities. Badgurjars were originally a warrior clan that ruled several places across present-day Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. According to the book "Jat Gotra Shabdawali" by Dr. Mahendra Singh Arya, Mahla gotra has been derived from Mahilwati. The Valmikis demanding 100% monopoly over sweeper jobs in Rajasthan is what propped up #Caste for many centuries. The alternative spellings of the surname are Dahiya and Dahia. [52], Bhim Singh Dahiya[53] provides us list of Jat clans who were supporters of the Tunwar when they gained political ascendancy. While this pattern remains the same across the state [Rajasthan], every caste has its own set of regulations for Dalits.. Champawat is believed to be the place where Lord Vishnu transformed into his turtle incarnation called Kurmavtar. On one hand the state and Central governments talk about beti bachao, beti padhao [save girls, educate girls] and yet all girl students from that particular village dropped out of school after this incident, said Anjali. Some of the alternative names of the clan are Pratihar, Parhar, Padhiyar, Padiyar, Padiyal, and Parhiyar. It is derived from the Sanskrit word vasati referring to a Jain monastery. The name would have been toponymic in its origin. In terms of caste structure, the Brahmans (highest caste) are subdivided into many gotras (lineages), while the Mahajans (trading caste) are subdivided into a bewildering number of groups. The share of upper caste MLAs in the newly elected Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh assembly is 27% and 37% respectively. ???? [46], By the end of fifth and the beginning of the sixth century, Mahla's and Jat's southward migration, second in line, took place and they reached Kota in Rajasthan, probably via Bikaner regions. Mahla Ki Dhani (Bhorki), Mahla (),Dhanda()[1][2]/Mahlavat ()[3] Mahala () Mahalawat () [4][5] Malawat/Malavat () Mahalaut () Mahlan ()/()[6] Mahlania () Mahalwar ()[7] Mehla () Mela ()[8] [9] Malhay ()/Mahle ()[10] Mahla () [11] [12] Mailla () [13] Mahlan () [14] is a Gotra of Chandravanshi Jats found in Rajasthan[15] , Gujarat, Punjab, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Haryana.Malata/Mahali/Mahaila/Maila/Mhaila clan is found in Afghanistan. The Deoras are the descendants of Rao Deoraj, a Rajput warrior who was originally from the Chouhan clan. Since Nandhimitta fought with the elephant the village built on the spot where (it came to pass) is therefore named Hatthipora. Badalwas, Bhangalia Rajputs were predominantly settled in the state of Himachal Pradesh. [7][b] Those lines, known as khaps, traditionally practice exogamy in marriage and mostly Vaishnavism in religion. Jat Behror, ?????? [11] In the 20th century, some Maheshwari , Tharu families, such as the Birlas, used the accumulated wealth from their traditional occupations to become prominent industrialists and entrepreneurs.[13]. [42]Their main population was settled in the lower Sindh.The Chachnama stratified these large population of Jats, as 'the western Jats' (Jatan-i-Gharbi) and 'the eastern Jats' (Jatan-i-Sharqi), [43] living on the eastern and western side of the Indus River. Behror, Lakhuana, Their equation with Malavas of history and literature has been accepted by all.19 It is considered the Mallavas are non-existent today and have been absorbed in the Rajputs of today. Khajpur Naya, ?? It is a surname found in several communities across India. Hodas form a part of the Agnivanshi lineage of Rajputs. Mahawar Koli Lives In Haryana, Punjab. The Deora clan ruled several parts of Rajasthan and regions around Delhi. Banthod, It means tiger killer, and comes from Marathi. Sanskrit grammarians and Chanakya mention the fact that these people were their own sacrificers. ???? , 2013, Nodal Officer: Shri Ummed Singh, Phone: 0141-2226997, Email: raj[dot]sje[at]rajasthan[dot]gov[dot]in. Jadejas ruled several parts of northern Gujarat, notably the region of Kutch. ?? Khudi Bari, Bhauji ki Dhani, Mahlas settled in a place called Bhalaria in Jhunjhunu. Ardawata (), By the twelfth century, the Jats settled in western Punjab, as the native poet Abul Farj Runi mentions them along with the Afghans. ??????? The earthen floors are coated with mud and dung. %PDF-1.7 Rajpurohits are brahmins and occupy a privileged position in the caste hierarchy. On his Facebook timeline, Norva can be seen standing alongside Praveen Togadia, former chief of the Vishwa Hindu Parishad and currently heading a Hindutva outfit called Antarrashtriya Hindu Parishad. Ratanpura Having done a certification in Relationship Coaching, her core interest lies in writing articles that guide couples through their courtship to marriage and parenthood. The Jhalas ruled the eponymously named region of Jhalawar, now part of Rajasthan. endobj The alternative spellings of the name include Sarvia, Sarvaiyya, and Sarwia. Ram Sarup Joon[36] writes that Vir Bhadra was the ruler of the area known as Shiv Ki Jata. It is the Katochs who built the famous Kangra fort in Himachal Pradesh. Even among upper castes, Rajputs have increased their dominance in both these . It refers to someone in the occupation of exterminating tigers or a hunter. Rawal was originally used as a first name in parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan. Rawat Rajputs are a group of people who reside in Ajmer, Ballabgarh, Faridabad, Palwal Rajsamand, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh and Pali districts of Rajasthan, the area known as Magra-Merwara and the Kumaon division and Garhwal Divisions of Uttarakhand, India. ??? They were in fourth century B.C. ?????? Deewan Ji Ka Bas, The surname was likely a title of unknown origin. Wales was home to the Celts, and no wonder Welsh names have Celtic influences, along with other ones. In the north and west the Jats (peasant caste) and Gujars (herding caste) are among the largest agricultural communities. , 2013, ???? ?????? The clan also had a presence in parts of the Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh. This group comprises 'general . Anant, five-time legislator from Mokama, was awarded a 10-year jail term in an Arms Act case after an AK-47 rifle and other weapons were seized from his residence during raids in August 2019. Two years ago, Rajpurohit had assaulted Meghwal, allegedly for daring to look the upper caste man in the eye. It is derived from Kalyanwat, which is a sub-clan of the Rajawat clan, who were themselves a sub-clan of Kachwaha Rajputs. Though the Greeks said that they won, but the scene of the treaty negotiations, does not reflect the defeated Mallovai. But near the east gate did Velusumana, sitting on his horse, slay Damilas in great numbers..When the king in four months had destroyed Vijitanagara he went thence to Girilaka and slew the Damila Giriya..Thence he marched to Mahelanagara that had a triple trench and was surrounded by an undergrowth of kadamba flowers, possessed but one gate and was hard to come at; and staying there four months the king subdued the commander of Mahela by a cunningly planned battle. The Raizada Rajputs ruled parts of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Murlipura Scheme, [48] The second inscription found at Bundi probably dates from circa samvat 1191 (1135 AD) possibly refers to the Jats as opponents of the Parmara rulers of Rajasthan. Badhadar, Speaking about how casteism is normalised within state institutions like the police, he said, [Until] some years ago, even the matki, or water container, at these police stations used to be different for those from the Dalit community vis a vis others.. Shivdayalpura, Bhagwansar, That the Congress is a new convert to caste census is obvious, with Rahul having begun references to . Jasania (), The Sonigurras ruled a region around Jalore in Rajasthan. The hollowness of this claim is self-evident and need not be discussed further and such attempts are the result of the pathetic tendency mentioned above. Kapadia is also a popular surname among Rajputs. The alternative spellings of the surname are Bhadouria, Bhadoriya, and Bhadoria. Having done a certification in Relationship Coaching, her core interest lies in writing ar more. Rajawat. ???? <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Mehla Ka Bas (Lohsana Bada), Rose Vol II/A, Chapter 7 Catalogue of the Thirty Six Royal Races, Rajatarangini of Kalhana:Kings of Kashmira/Book IV, http://www.jatland.com/w/index.php?title=Mahla&oldid=565527, - ( , Col. Phool Singh Mahala - Director, Rajasthan Soldier Welfare Board (2009), Col. P. S. Mehla - Date of Birth: 3-April-1951, Jila Sainik Kalyan Adhikari, Village-, Dr.Ranjeet Singh Mahla - Research Scholar and Scientist, Date of Birth: 01-August-1984, Permanent address: Village and Post Office -, Ganesh Ram Mahla- X. the murder of 28-year-old Jitendra Meghwal by Suraj Singh Rajput, National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) for 2020, reported the highest sale on e-commerce portals, who has written about caste-based violence. Dhani Berawali (Dadi Rampura), The surname is derived from the Sanskrit word Purandara meaning the destroyer of forts. They originally held homesteads in Nahan, Nagaur, Garhwal, and Saharanpur. These refreshing names can suit your chirpy and bubbly little ones. The alternative spelling of the surname is Banafar or Banafer. 3: People of India INTRODUCTION. It is a sub-clan of Kachwaha Rajputs. Nodal Officer: Shri Ummed Singh, Phone: 0141-2226997, Email: raj[dot]sje[at]rajasthan[dot]gov[dot]in Last Updated: 24 Feb 2023 Satyun, He hadnt gone through the files and yet the administration took the decision that theres no need to replace him, said Anjali. [47] Probably after their defeat by Sultan Mahmud in 1027 AD, and later hard pressed by the Ghaznavi Turkish Commander, the Jats of Sind again migrated to Rajasthan and settled themselves in Bundi regions. [24], Megasthenes has described them as Malli on Ganges along with the Mandei (Manda), the Gangarides (Ghangas), the Calingae (Kalinga), the Prasii (Magadha), the Modogalingae (See - Jat clans as described by Megasthenes). ???? These people used to cultivate more land in the eastern Rajputana districts. ???? Hamirpura, Mahil was the name of the King- after his name Mahla gotra is known. It constitutes 13.7% of the total population of the state. Advocate Kishan Meghwal said, When it comes to conducting investigation of a case under the SC/ST Act, their [police officers] own misconceptions around caste often play a role, including non-confiscation of weapons used in the incident, [as well as] picking and choosing certain eye witnesses that benefit the [upper caste] accused.. Theyve filed an appeal at the Jodhpur High Court. Shivsinghpura, [33], Mahla are mentioned as a branch of Jadubansi Abhiras mostly found in the Ahirwati and Hariana.[34]. Ramgarh Ujjalwas, "Some Ginans Common to Barmati Panthi and Satpanthi Traditions", "Family Firms in Hyderabad: Gujarati, Goswami, and Marwari Patterns of Adoption, Marriage, and Inheritance", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maheshwari&oldid=1149034744, This page was last edited on 9 April 2023, at 20:13. When it comes to Rajasthan, especially western Rajasthan, every conversation begins with which caste the other person belongs to, said advocate Kishan Meghwal (no relation of Jitendra Meghwal), who is also a member of the activist collective, Dalit Soshan Mukti Manch. 18 ??????? The alternative spelling of this surname is Dange, and refers to those living in the hilly region. ?????? [1] They are found in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The clan ruled various parts of north and west India since the ninth century. There are also followers of Arya Samaj, a type of reformed Hinduism that stems from the late 19th century. It refers to a sub-clan of the Chouhan group of Rajputs. The states urban population has grown faster than the rural population since the late 20th century. The Kalwar, Kalal or Kalar are an Indian caste historically found in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir and other parts of north and central India. Shri Amarpura, Chindalia[61], Bhadunda Khurd, The variant spellings of this surname are Bania, Banya, Banija, Vani, Vaniya, and Vania. On March 19, 2021, Dayla Meghwal of Sirana village and her pregnant daughter were assaulted by a group of Rajputs. Even though this is a legal offence under section 3 of the SC/ ST Act obstruction or denying access to a member of Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe to a place of public resort is punishable with a prison term between six months to five years along with fine Naresh never thought of filing a complaint. Bhadurias were Rajputs mainly found in regions across eastern Rajasthan, western Uttar Pradesh, and northern Madhya Pradesh. From there they migrated to other places in Rajathan. GkExams on 24-03-2022. It refers to a clan of Rajputs who ruled several parts of the Saurashtra region of Gujarat. Dhandhuls are a branch of the Rathore clan. Rajiv Ranjan Rakesh, who went there to conduct the caste census, said he spoke to the women living in the red-light area. Mansarowar Colony, Mandhan Tosham, This states that 72 groups from the Kshatriya varna in what is now Rajasthan decided in the 8th century to abandon their traditional role in favour of being members of the Vaishya varna. Rawal means "king," and is derived from the Sanskrit word "Raja" with the same meaning. [38] Persian chronicler Firishta strengthened this view and informs us that Jats were originally living near the river of the Koh-i-Jud (Salt Range) in northwest Punjab. One example of this alliance is the letter of appreciation that Nandu Singh Rajpurohit of Barwa village was given by Bharatiya Janata Party leader and local legislator, Pushpendra Singh Ranawat. The Rajputs (various clans of landowning rulers and their descendants), though representing only a small percentage of Rajasthan's residents, are perhaps the most-notable section of the population; indeed, the state draws its name from that community. ???? This surname originated from someone who was the head of the district or the chieftain for a region. Phephana, Some would be uprooted. Rajawat () is a gotra of Jats. x]k. Smith was correct when he said that the Mallaoi were foreigners in India. Pooranpura, Villages in Ratlam district with population of this gotra are: [51] Meanwhile, they also extended their abode in the eastern part of the Punjab (now Haryana to Sirsa and Hisar), as in the end of the twelfth century they resisted Qutb-ud-din Aybak in the region of Hansi. Premnagar. Dudhwa Khara, Minas. The high caste members who intended to become a Chamar had to sleep under . Loyal, Lodha caste in Rajputana (present-day Rajasthan) [edit | edit source] In Rajputana(present-day Rajasthan), the Lodha caste was considered to be the dominant peasant caste. . According to 1911 census the Mahla were the principal Muslim Jat clans in Bahawalpur State with population as under[63]: Trilok Singh Mahla paying homage to comrade Kanaram at Sikar Jat Boarding, Muhammad Qasim Hindu Shah Firista, Gulsan-i-Ibrahimi, commonly known as Tarikh-i-Firishta, Nawal Kishore edition, (Kanpur, 1865), Vol.I, p.35, Dr S.Jabir Raza, The Jats - Their Role and Contribution to the Socio-Economic Life and Polity of North and North West India. Abhawas, Now Malla or Malli/Mallh are still an existing clan among the Jats and on all tests of historicity they are proved to be the ancient Malavas or Mallas. It is the name of a Rajput clan, which is considered to be one of the original Agnivanshi clans. It is a toponymic surname referring to Rajputs, who originally belonged to Barmer. The variants of this last name include Rathaur, Rathor, Rathur, Rathod, Rathhour, and Rahtore. Once the case reached the trial stage, the situation became increasingly frustrating. The Bhains were renowned for their bravery and warrior skills.

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