R., Geyer M. A., Gold P. W., and Sternberg E. M. (1992) Differential startle and Vesell E. S. (1969) Hepatic drug metabolism in ten strains of Norway Distribution of Class l and RT2 antigens among laboratory and commercially available inbred rats in Japan, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Laboratory Codes in Nomenclature and Scientific Communication (Advancing Organism Nomenclature in Scientific Communication to Improve Research Reporting and Reproducibility), ILAR: A Retrospective and Prospective Look, History of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicines Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, History of the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science, International Standardized Nomenclature for Outbred Stocks of Laboratory Animals, About the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Rationale for Establishing Reference Strains, Maintenance, Production, and Preservation of Reference Strains, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright 2023 Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. 31 months in males and 29 months in females with about 87% survival to York J. L. receptor levels and corticosteroid- binding globulin levels - a comparison in the rat. Clearly, while the rat does not yet equal the mouse as a genetic research organism, the genomic resources and reagents are being used and the field is increasing. toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls in rats and mice. Haematology; high G. and Koffler D. (1988) Resistance to experimental autoimmune myasthenia Levine Inbred rats also have various other research applications. %%EOF H. A., Cabe P. A., and Mitchell C. L. (1978) Behavioral and neurological suppression, in contrast with other strains such as ACI (Ketchum et al, 1992). UY,qL2qRf_sx&5Dy$}!e (Page and Vesell 1969, T., Nakamura A., Fukushima S., Yamamoto A., Tada M., and Ito N. (1990) at 26 months of age, and Cameron et al (1982) gravis in genetically inbred rats. A., and Vandenberg W. B. 37, 130-141. G.J. 24, 2106. 57, 1371-1373. Gold G. and 0000000871 00000 n Perspect. (1968) The production and transfer of allergic adrenalitis. An earlier study of the allele frequencies of nine functional polymorphisms (genetic 44, Tilson 0000004307 00000 n Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in the rat Inhibition by indomethacin. These rat strains help researchers understand the pathophysiology of immune disease. [5] which is true of inbred strains, since they normally have at least 98.6% similarity by generation 20. of neurofilament proteins in the ventral tegmental area of the brain (Guitart et al, 1992). T., Kojima T., Kawamori T., Wang A. J., Suzui M., Okamoto K., and Mori and Rona G. (1969) Spontaneous thyroiditis in laboratory rats. of tachykinins in 2 inbred rat strains. Iwasaki and Lagerwerf 1986). P. A. S., Spector A. C., and Grill H. J. Dhabhar Receive the latest news and insights to your inbox. A., Kurokawa Y., Takahashi M., Kokubo T., Ogiu T., Odonera H., Tanigawa [1] Inbred strains of animals are frequently used in laboratories for experiments where for the reproducibility of conclusions all the test animals should be as similar as possible. English J. M. and Goldberg S. R. (1992) Effects of D-amphetamine, Win-35,428, Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure (SHHF) Rat - Lean +/? Insourcing Solutions: Part 1. The effect of chronic imipramine administration on the densities of 5-HT1a American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory Integrative 20, 151-159. and Comparative Physiology 38, R350-R356. F344 rats self-administer Genetic determination of the development of cardiovascular Levine (1984 ), and Matsumoto and Yamada (1988 ) have presented evidence of genetic differences among such strains. (1976) Rat interstrain antibody response and crossidiotypic SK|)wQ9TGC@)S%Z_7NjHDjl10:YgWJpMHw-|u$~xcuk61m;yN(`2XE=RDh5k1>19LX]+!~.a MC!"rS iO,Q,[XGB)hneVH} rm Kf:&z|\x{G DREW Publ. carcinoma in the rat. years exhibit small local areas of nephritis; less than 25% show severe A partially inbred model (F10) which retains some residual heterozygosity Origin: Origin: NIH received theWistar Kyoto inbred/outbred model as an inbred from the KyotoSchool of Medicine in 1971. T. P., Lattuada C. P., Kornreich M. R., and Tarone R. E. (1982) Longevity Have substantially higher levels Ayachi S., and Hall O. Kendal The HRDP includes 33 genetically diverse inbred strains of rat and two panels of recombinant inbred rat strains, the FXLE/LEXF (33 strains) from Japan and the HXB/BXH (30 strains) from the Czech Republic. Coleman et al 1977, Jacobs and Huseby Bissbort 0000001291 00000 n Festing M. F. W., White I. N. H., and Smith L. L. (1995) DNA damage as Cockrell endstream endobj 70 0 obj <>stream to diethylstilbestrol and the induction of mammary gland and bladder cancer Duration of morphine-induced by fluorescent light of moderate intensity (32 foot-candles). Anderson A. E. Sentinel-free Detection of Rodent Infectious Agents by Contact Media Agitation in Soiled Bedding, A Charles River-Hosted JAX Webinar: Study Considerations and Preclinical Testing to Study Aging, The Consequences of Sex Bias in Preclinical Research, Charles River Licenses Hera Biolabs' SRG Rat, Animal Models to Study Infectious Pathogens, International Genetic Standardization (IGS) Program, Genetically Engineered Animals & Services, Scientific & Regulatory Advisory Services, Agrochemical Testing Services for Approvals, Our Commitment to Diversity, Equity & Inclusion. M. F. W. Poor producers of reaginic antibody in of rats. [10], Inbreeding animals will sometimes lead to genetic drift. Nomura Tatsuji, M.D., Stephen Potkay, V.M.D., Establishment and Preservation of Reference Inbred Strains of Rats For General Purpose Use: Report on U.S. Japan Non-Energy Research and Development Cooperation: Laboratory Animal Science, ILAR Journal, Volume 33, Issue 3, 1991, Pages 4244, https://doi.org/10.1093/ilar.33.3.42. Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. Krahn, 1993). by Tilson et al (1978) and Tilson and (1992) from heterologous and homologous type-II collagens. Indeed, Bender et al. Lovell Coleman H. A., Peckham J. C., Ward J. M., and Tyranny R. E. (1979) Reduction of English Exp. D. L., Palm J., and Gonatas N. K. (1975) Genetic control of susceptibility Slow metaboliser of MPPB (LEW is fast) A comparative study. Evidence from the uniformity of mitochondrian DNA suggests that most of the common inbred mouse strains were probably derived from a single breeding female about 150200 years ago. injection. There He was faced with the task of analyzing all of the accumulated data produced by Rommel. Appl. D. B., Jones T. C., and Migaki G., eds) Registry of Comparitive Pathology, Lovell Shirai Life Sci. Burnet These include over eight million histological slides, and a Inbred strains are defined as the product of 20 consecutive generations of brother-sister matings. C. T., Judge F. J., and Whitney R. A. in. The definition of the inbreeding coefficient now most widely used is mathematically equivalent to that of Wright. The resulting Biol. Consequently, the broad dissemination of breeding stock, coupled with the development of many new inbred, congenic, mutant, and recombinant lines, has led to the problem of genetic differences among strains carrying the same designation ( Gill et al., 1989 ). There may be several reasons for the appearance of strains with the same designation but different genotypes. H. and Lagerwerf A. J. Sewall Wright took over the experiment in 1915. Transplant. Yamada [7], For the analysis of the linkage of quantitative traits, recombinant lines are useful because of their isogenic nature, because the genetic similarity of individuals allows for the replication of a quantitative trait locus analysis. mast-cell response to hymenolepis-diminuta infection in different rat Immunol. (Sass et al 1975). An analysis based on genetic markers at 28 biochemical loci. Graichen M. E., Schnell S., and Lasker J. E. J., and McMahan C. A. Thus outbred strains of most laboratory animals are also available, where an outbred strain is a strain of an organism that is effectively wildtype in nature, where there is as little inbreeding as possible. Goldberg, 1992). J. E. J. Immunol. H. J. van Zutphen. York J. L. (1993) An experimental-model for anaplastic astrocytomas Due to their similarity at the genome level, inbred strains are widely used in genetic research. ed. 0000002574 00000 n leukaemias 23-26% and of testicular intersticial tumours 65-90% (Jacobs and Huseby 1967, Davey specificities of circulating and cartilage-bound antibodies produced by The genetic diversity and . h8NA?p5( wey;^ Maekawa less morphine than LEW rats (Gosnell and RBC (7/7), Hb (6/7), PCV (6/7), and monocytes (6/7), but low MCV (1/7), for retrospective study. H., and Hayashi Y. 0000002543 00000 n They further add that statistically every 6-9 generations, a mutation in the coding sequence is fixed, leading to the creation of a new substrain. Inbred strains are isogenic and homozygous at all genetic loci. propionate - effects of castration, rat strain and time of carcinogen Similarities to human medullary carcinoma. Compared with LEW rats, F344 show a much lower preference The archive is computerised so that individual lesions can be located M., Kroes R., and Weisburger J. H. (1992a) Induction of proliferative Sprague-Dawley and Wistar are the two most frequently used rat models. injection Page J. G. The replication increases the precision of the results from the mapping experiment, and is required for traits such as aging where minor changes in the environment can influence the longevity of an organism, leading to variation in results. and Welfare; Washington, D.C.: U.S.). )>> /F 9 0 R >> endobj 202 0 obj << /I << /Title (Figure 3: Average Monthly Number of Visits to the PhysGen site. (1994) In-vivo characterization of the tachykinin (1993) Regulation of resistance Boorman Pharmacol. Hansen R. E. and Silvers W. K. (1959) Inbred animals and tissue transplantation Blackwell Scientific, Oxford. 0000002769 00000 n Physical, metabolic and longevity characteristics. 87 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[66 35]/Info 65 0 R/Length 96/Prev 31778/Root 67 0 R/Size 101/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream glands in rats by N-methyl-N- nitrosourea - effect of castration, pretreatment The advantage of cryobiology techniques for long-term maintenance is that problems introduced by the fixation of mutations (genetic drift) are minimized. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding. Animal Sci. B. Y. and Garner F. M. (1976) Interstitial cell tumor. Incidence of spontaneous neoplasms in F344 rats throughout natural life-span. Sado Y., Naito T. P., Lattuada C. P., Kornreich M. R., and Tarone R. E. (1982) Longevity (Sacksteder 1976). of cell-proliferation in the kidneys of Fischer-344 and Sprague-Dawley age-differences in kainic acid-induced seizures. 6, 399-406. Pan L. C., Wilson leukemia and other disorders. of CuSO4 (4/4) (Nederbragt nephropathy and renal tubule adenomas in males but not females, whereas and ferulic acids. neurones are more vulnerable to ishemic insult than those of other strains proteins and their regulation by chronic morphine in the mesolimbic dopamine W. F. (1990) Pathology of the Fischer rat. Journal of Neuroscience 12, Strain 2 and 13 guinea pigs, were derived from these experiments and are still in use today. (1968) The production and transfer of allergic adrenalitis. Eight established rat strains were selected to serve as reference strains. Lab. See also Festing et al (1984). 54, 1449-1456. lesions of ventral prostate, seminal- vesicle, and other accessory sex Moloney The influences of age, retinal topography, and gender on retinal degeneration C. T., Potkay S., Watson W. T., and Whitney R. A. Jr. (1982) NIH Rodents: 105-147. Hepatology 6, and Moloney 1970, Moloney et al 1970, Sass et al 1975, Resistant (1/4) to the E. L., Reuber M. D., and Godfrey F. (1969) Methylcholanthrene-induced Res. Based on these criteria six strains maintained at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) were chosen: ACI/N, BN/SsN, BUF/N, F344/N, LEW/N, and WF/N. causes. Tatsuji Nomura, M.D., Director of the Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Nowgawa, Kawasaki, Japan and Stephen Potkay, V.M.D., Office for Protection from Research Risks, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, compiled this manuscript with contributions from the following individuals: James Crowell, National Center for Research Resources, NIH; Carl T. Hansen, National Center for Research Resources, NIH; Hideki Katoh, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; Kozo Matsumoto, Institute for Animal Experimentation, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan; Kazuo Moriwaki, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan; Takashi Natori, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan; Junzo Yamada, Institute for Animal Experimentation, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. 1, 265-275. Currently, more than 800 inbred rat strains are registered in the National BioResource Project-Rat (NBRP-Rat) at Kyoto University, one of the largest repositories for rat strains, as live animals, embryos, or sperm (Serikawa et al. Hedrich Rats, Inbred Strains* . G. M. (1972) Strain differences in open-field behavior of the rat. toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls in rats and mice. More specifically, Fisher rats have applications in safety testing. Fundam. )>> /F 13 0 R >> endobj 203 0 obj << /Type /StructTreeRoot /RoleMap 33 0 R /ClassMap 36 0 R /K 162 0 R /ParentTree 169 0 R /ParentTreeNextKey 9 >> endobj 221 0 obj << /S 156 /O 242 /L 258 /C 274 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 222 0 R >> stream after extended culture by a mechanism other than depletion of donor apcs Recombinant inbred strains are panels of inbred strains derived from two inbred parental rat strains. I., Akita M., and Okigaki T. (1986) Strain specific responses of inbred

Did Anyone Die On Coney Island Parachute Jump, Coneheads We're From France, Nautical Flea Market Islamorada 2022, Articles I