12:15-12:30. U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) https://doi.org/10.23719/1524316 (2021). Equation24 is given below for the commodity form of the model. https://pasteur.epa.gov/uploads/10.23719/1365565/documents/USEEIOv1.1-DescriptionofSatelliteTableUpdates.pdf (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2017). The GHG Protocol defines 15 categories of scope 3 emissions, though not every category will be relevant to all organizations (see Figure 1). In v1.2, withdrawals were calculated for 37 crops published in the 2008 USDA Irrigation and Water Management Survey (IWMS). All the economic input data (Table1) are retrieved using scripts in useeior and saved in the package along with selected indicators not from LCIA formatter (jobs, value added, and waste indicators, Table3), commodity names, data inputs to the Sector Crosswalk, and model metadata files. 35, is a vector of the column sums of the given H (see Eqs. The resulting coefficients from these calculations can be interpreted as a measure of the environmental intensity of a sector in the year the environmental data are reported, but given in terms of the IO year dollar value. Estimates for scope 3 categories can vary in accuracy depending on the available data and the organizations quantification goal. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Technol. These variances are due to methodology changes when allocating land use to 6-digit NAICS. 22. These data are difficult to obtain given the scarcity in publicly available waste management pricing data, the level of aggregation of the waste management sectors, and the differences in prices and materials used by each waste management activity. This EPA report describes supply chain GHG emission factors prepared with versions of the USEEIO, which are life cycle models of all categories of goods and services and industries in the US economy. Monthly Energy Review - 2014. https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/ (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2016). Industrial water withdrawals in v1.1 were calculated by scaling Canadian water withdrawals for manufacturing by US GDP. The Service Annual Survey (SAS) from the US Census Bureau provides estimates of revenue and expenditure data for most traditional service industries21, and is used in the disaggregation of the waste management industries (i.e., Use table columns). Emission factors may be quantified in a handful of ways. The end products will not just benefit project partners in Georgia, but also include case studies and open-source resources for applying USEEIO in communities across the country. Find Current Versionsand Other Technical Resources, Case Studies & Examples: Supporting EPA's Mission, Case Studies & Examples: Supporting Federal Agency and Community Partners, Current Versions and Technical Information, Sustainable Materials Management Prioritization Tools, Recycling Economic Information (REI) Project, https://www.epa.gov/smm/2016-recycling-economic-information-rei-report-and-methodology, Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for U.S. Industries and Commodities, Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program and the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program. 1. Urban land allocation now includes estimates for urban green areas based on assumptions made by Zeng and Ramaswami37. EPA Home Science Inventory Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for US Industries and Commodities. The Use table intersection represents the consumption of the Waste management and remediation services commodity by the Waste management and remediation services industry itself. https://www.eia.gov/dnav/ng/ng_prod_sum_a_EPG0_FGW_mmcf_m.htm (2021). liter) emission factor for fuel source (for example, kg CO2 e/liter)) + ((quantity of refrigerant leakage (kg) emission factor for refrigerant (kg CO2 e/kg)) + process emissions) 1. zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6370073 (2022). 2012 NAICS to 2007 NAICS Concordance. developed the methodology and software programming in flowsa for the air, water and soil releases, integrated environmental data and indicators in useeior, and wrote the associated sections of the manuscript. is a price adjustment factor for industry i from currency year z to y USD. This level of aggregation prevents targeted analysis of various waste handling activities, such as material recovery (recycling). The 2012 BEA Detail Make and Use Tables Before Redefinitions in Producers Price are used as the underlying IO tables. volume9, Articlenumber:194 (2022) An analogous series of direct impact coefficient (D matrix) comparison charts are also provided for interpretation68, but are not analyzed in depth here. 3.3), the Ld and a demand vector derived from Yd are used. Name of source. Crop Irrigation water withdrawals are allocated proportionally using water use by crop type. Environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) models have been developed to evaluate the linkages between economic activities and environmental impacts as well as the embodied emissions in goods and . This then must be further transformed into commodity form before use, which is done so by multiplication with the market shares matrix, Vn, which itself is obtained from the model Make table and the model commodity output, q. This ensures that, for example, pesticide releases to air are not duplicated in both the Criteria and Hazardous air pollutant satellite table and the pesticide satellite table. The correspondence stems from BEA-NAICS relationship table released with national input-output (IO) accounts by BEA10. In v2.0, direct impacts decreased between 3050% for crops. C.B. zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6370618 (2021). The satellite tables contain the resource use and environmental releases mapped to the original Waste Services and Remediation Services sector. Scope 3 emission sources include emissions both upstream and downstream of the organizations activities. Overview of GHG Protocol scopes and emissions across the value chain. To fully meet GHG Protocol standards, an organization must report emissions from all relevant scope 3 categories. Econ. Total flows or impacts associated with a given amount of final demand are calculated using two perspectives that produce the same overall flow or impact totals but associate the totals with different sectors. In Water_national_2015_m1, mining water withdrawals are allocated to 6-digit NAICS using employment data published by BLS QCEW. Mercury emissions to air drive the increase seen in Cement (9% contribution to HTOX), that arenot due to change in emissions, but rather toxicity characterization that was not present in v1.2. The disaggregation process is carried out by disaggregating distinct sections of the Use and Make tables. Circular 1200 https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1200 (1998). Primary data must often be collected directly from suppliers through a questionnaire or similar format. Truck transport fell out of the top 20. The Make table intersection is allocated using the total Use table commodity output, adjusted for any manual allocations performed for the disaggregation of the Make table columns. Only two categories use a specific method (e.g., supplier-specific method, fuel-based method) in year one and seven in year five. Scope 3 emissions, also referred to as value chain emissions, often represent the majority of an organizations total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Advancing sustainable materials management: 2014 fact sheet. Derivation of these demand vectors is described in depth in the Final Demand section, since these have not been previously described in USEEIO documentation. Clean. You can choose whether functional and advertising cookies apply. However, changes in the Make Transactions have resulted in a substantial increase in the quantity assigned to the Corn products commodity; Other basic organic chemicals, which is one of the largest generators of CRHW, supplies a significantly higher share of Corn products in the make transactions, increasing from approximately 4% of total commodity output in 2007 to 37% in 2012. In Fig. These values can be found in the WasteDisaggaregation_Use sheet of the primary data record (in the rows labeled Use column sum). Multiplying emissions of a given GHG by its GWP gives us the CO 2 equivalent emissions. AC-17-A-51 https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/usv1.pdf (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2017). All these data products were uploaded to the EPA Data Commons64 and are retrieved by useeior during model building as specified in the model configuration file. Chemical releases to ground are sourced from the Toxic Release Inventory, the same source as used in v1.2. Note:Emission factors are per unit of heat content using higher heating values (HHV). To obtain Out of the total inputs to the waste management industry, 51% is due to value added sectors, with employee compensation being 29%, suggesting that waste management is a labor-intensive sector. To solve the first problem, BEA-NAICS correspondence for these sectors is approximated after careful inspection and comparison of their definitions in BEA and NAICS systems. The final factors are available in the Supply Chain Emission Factors for US Industries and Commodities dataset. Metadata Updated: January 28, 2022 Tables presenting supply chain and margin emission factors and data quality scores for US commodities and industries calculated from USEEIO models at two levels of commodity/industry categorization, detail and summary, for both industries and commodity, and annually from 2010-2016. The model will support BETOs mission to develop technologies for producing cost-competitive advanced biofuels from non-food biomass resources, including cellulosic biomass, algae, and wet waste (e.g., biosolids).. For the Oil and gas extraction (211000) commodity, the entirety of the production value is assigned to the Solid waste landfill (562212) industry, as it is assumed that this represents landfill gas production. It is the first model version since USEEIO v1.2 capable of calculating potential environmental impacts, resource use and waste generation along with economic impacts, and builds upon the creation of the USEEIO v2 GHG models, which were a series of USEEIO models used to calculate Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors1. flowsa v1.0.126 was used for preparation of all original environmental inputs. ADS Ingwersen, W., Yang, Y., Gilkey, K. & Li, M. USEEIO v1.1 Description of Satellite Table Updates. Environmentally extended input-output analysis (EEIOA) is used in environmental accounting as a tool which reflects production and consumption structures within one or several economies. For calculating any domestic result (see sec. Allocation for this sector is described in the Make table intersection disaggregation section. A selected comparable model result matrix (N) and sector rankings derived from full model LCIA calculations are appropriate for this validation and comparison, because they represent measures resulting from the combination of all model components both at the unit scale (impact per USD) and as a result of total US production and consumption. 157, 104795, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104795 (2020). This flow update afforded the opportunity to use more standard life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) characterization factors to populate these indicators, which were integrated with the new procedure. U.S. EPA Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for U.S. Commodities and Industries The U.S. EPA Supply Chain Emission Factors for U.S. Industries and Commodities dataset is a comprehensive set of supply chain emission factors covering all categories of goods and services in the U.S. economy. Google Scholar. The USEEIO dataset that comes with Net Zero Cloud is from an analysis performed in the year 2012. Alameda Countys Supply Chain Sustainability Report, developed using the USEEIO, provides a guide for how government purchasing can be a catalyst for matching sustainability with advancing the health and wellbeing of its citizens. The element-wise product of B and adjusts B for the flow year differences and effectively converts B into a harmonized 2012 year form. 20. where mf is the column representing the flow of interest from the M matrix, and cn is the transposed row representing the indicator of interest from the C matrix. Truck transportation (484000): the entirety of the 562000 commodity produced by this sector is assigned to the Solid waste collection (562111) column, as it is assumed that the truck transportation service is used in waste collection. https://www.epa.gov/ozone-layer-protection/international-actions-montreal-protocol-substances-deplete-ozone-layer (2015). The accuracy of the impact proportion depending on the validity of the assumption that domestic impact intensities are equivalent to foreign impact intensities, which is not likely valid in all cases. Birney, C., Li, M. & Ingwersen, W. National employment totals by industry 2017 v1.1. The Make table is normalized by the commodity output vector, q to create what is also known as the market shares matrix. The earlier versions of USEEIO used the BLS National Employment Matrix, which also publishes employment data by NAICS sector codes5. 15. where Gr is the direct+indirect flows x sector matrix and s is a scaling vector. (Springer Science & Business Media, 2002). U.S. Geological Survey. These flows must be adjusted or mapped to reflect the inclusion of the disaggregated waste sectors. For the disaggregated waste management sectors, this represents the materials and services that these industries consume in the process of collecting, managing, and remediating wastes. Truck transportation, Water transportation, Rail transportation are commodities in set m for transportation). Figure 1. However, in v2.0, releases to water also include organic enrichment, sediments, and other compounds tracked within the DMR. Agricultural chemical use survey. These factors are intended for quantifying emissions from purchased goods and services using the spend-based method defined in the Greenhouse Gas Protocol Technical Guidance for Calculating Scope 3 Emissions.

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